Gasoline Oxidation Stability: Deposit Formation Tendencies Evaluated by PetroOxy and Autoclave Methods and GDI/PFI Engine Tests

Fortunato, Maira Alves; Baroni, Axelle; Neocel, L.; Chardin, M.; Matrat, Mickaël; Boucaud, C.; Mazarin, Michaël

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c02466

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The low value of the induction time of alkenes is one of the restricting indicators for its utilization as a gasoline additive. Reactions of gasoline fractions could be advanced by connection with various metals, like copper . Small quantities of metal dissolve and enter the liquid phase during the prolong term connection of gasoline with the surface of tanks …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

et al. 2022

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High concentrations of isoolefinic hydrocarbons can adversely affect the physical, chemical, mechanical, and ecological characteristics of gasoline fuels. One of the solutions to reduce olefin contents is the utilization of the methoxylation process. The current paper declares a perspective toward a gasoline-component-first technique, revealing an innovative highoctane additive on the basis of isoolefinic components, like isohexene. The olefin content of isohexene was 94% volumetrically. This affected the chemical oxidation under atmospheric conditions. Several gasoline fuels and experimental facilities that match European and Russian requirements were used to execute the recent work. The objective of the methoxylation process is to enhance the chemical oxidation fuels to raise the portion of aliphatic hydrocarbon isomers, to decrease unwanted olefin content, as well as to generate high-octane motor ethers as gasoline octane boosters. The product can be defined as methyl ester of isohexene (MEIH). Various MEIH blends have been measured with other gasoline octane boosters and refinery products. The results proved that antidetonation properties of MEIH were higher than those of base gasolines, tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), and isohexene and approximately equal to that of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). Additionally, the results of the calculated MEIH mixing octane rating were from 104.3 to 131.5 for the research method and from 87.5 to 120.0 for the motor method. Likewise, the olefin content of MEIH was 74.2% when the methoxylation process was applied for isohexene. The oxygen content of MEIH was 3.3 wt %, with no oxygen content in the sample of isohexene. Those have been done thanks to the utilization of the methoxylation process of isohexene. Finally, MEIH provided an individual perspective as a liquid transportation fuel with merits over isohexene, in terms of antidetonation properties, olefin contents, as well as a distillation characteristic range.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reactions of gasoline fractions could be advanced by connection with various metals, like copper. 32 Small quantities of metal dissolve and enter the liquid phase during the prolong term connection of gasoline with the surface of tanks. 33 It is common that isoolefinic hydrocarbons are unstable chemically.…”

Section: Distillation Characteristic Range Of Meihmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

et al. 2022

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“…As a result of these difficulties, a different test was used. The Petro-Oxy testing device is often used for gasoline and gasoline additives, 63 which makes it more suitable for OMEs, some which have been shown to have higher volatility. Additionally, it is a closed-system measurement, preventing the vapor losses seen in some initial failed attempts to use the Rancimat method.…”

Section: ■ Nomenclature and Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Properties of Oxymethylene Ethers with Terminating Groups from Methyl to Butyl

et al. 2022

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Oxymethylene ethers (OMEs) have been studied as possible additives or replacements for diesel fuels. Typically, studies have considered only methyl-terminated OMEs. Recent structure–property relationship models suggest that extended-alkyl OMEs may provide improvements to many of the properties of methyl-terminated OMEs that make them less suitable as diesel fuel blendstocks. In this work, we describe the synthesis and characterization of 16 different OMEs with methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, isopropyl-, and isobutyl-terminating alkyl groups with varying oxymethylene chain lengths. Indicated cetane number, lower heating value, flash point, density, viscosity, vapor pressure, and oxidative stability are tested via ASTM standard methods. Additionally, water solubility, boiling point, seal material compatibility, and sooting propensity (via the yield sooting index) are measured for these fuels. For diesel compatibility, all tested OMEs except smaller methyl and ethyl OMEs and the branched isopropyl OME meet cetane number requirements. Extending the alkyl end group increases the heating value, but all OMEs, due to their oxygen content, have heating values less than diesel. Despite this, all OMEs show significant reductions in soot production per unit heating value. Only the heaviest OMEs meet diesel viscosity requirements, and most are higher density than diesel. OMEs with larger alkyl groups show the highest stability under accelerated auto-oxidation conditions. Increases in alkyl group length cause order of magnitude reduction in water solubility, from hundreds of g/L for methyl terminated OMEs to hundreds of mg/L for butyl terminated OMEs. Limited seal material testing indicates that PEEK polymers are unaffected by OMEs, and while extended alkyl groups may improve compatibility with FKM (Viton), other common elastomers (NBR, silicone) remain incompatible with all tested OMEs. Overall, it is found that methyl-terminated OMEs exhibit the most potential for soot reduction, but OMEs with larger propyl- and butyl-terminating alkyl groups show improved compatibility with existing diesel systems.

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Experimental study of the impact of alcohols on the oxidation stability of a surrogate jet-fuel

Benrabah,

El Sayah,

Duy Le

et al. 2024

Fuel

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Gasoline Oxidation Stability: Deposit Formation Tendencies Evaluated by PetroOxy and Autoclave Methods and GDI/PFI Engine Tests

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

Fuel Properties of Oxymethylene Ethers with Terminating Groups from Methyl to Butyl

Experimental study of the impact of alcohols on the oxidation stability of a surrogate jet-fuel

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