Gasoline Driveability Index, Ethanol Content and Cold-Start/Warm-Up Vehicle Performance

Jewitt, Carlton H.; Gibbs, L. M.; Evans, Beth

doi:10.4271/2005-01-3864

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Gasoline is a complex combination of chemical components used as fuel for spark–ignition engines [1]. The performance of gasoline over the entire range of operating temperatures is measured by the driveability index (DI) [2,3]. A parametric study on fuel has shown that DI is closely related to fuel volatility and has a significant impact on engine cold start performance [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cylindrical Cavity Sensor for Distinction of Various Driveability Index Gasoline with Temperature Robustness

Lee

Jeong

Ashraf

2019

Sensors

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In this paper, a cylindrical cavity sensor based on microwave resonant theory is proposed to distinguish between various driveability index gasolines under temperature variations. The working principle of the proposed sensor is based on the fact that the change in permittivity of gasoline samples inside cavity sensor will also cause a change in resonant frequency. The proposed sensor has good sensitivity in terms of resonant frequency separation, which enables it to capture the minute permittivity changes and distinguish different gasolines. By using a normal gasoline permittivity of 2.15 and changing sensor dimension parameters, the sensor was designed by high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS). The designed sensor has a resonant frequency of 7.119 GHz for the TM012 mode with a 19.2 mm radius, a 35 mm height, and one-port coupling probe of 8 mm height. The proposed cylindrical cavity sensor shows advantages of excellent resonant characteristics of small cavity size and small sample amount. To optimize and verify the parameters of the sensor, many experiments have been carried out using HFSS and a vector network analyzer (VNA). Consequently, the proposed sensor is proven to be robust to temperature changes in terms of resonant frequency separation. The minimum frequency separation to distinguish gasoline samples is found to be larger than 29 MHz with reflection coefficients under −11 dB for temperature changes from −35 °C to 0 °C. The consistency of experimental and theoretical results also are presented, which guarantees accuracy of the sensor for the distinction of gasoline.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cylindrical Cavity Sensor for Distinction of Various Driveability Index Gasoline with Temperature Robustness

Lee

Jeong

Ashraf

2019

Sensors

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Ethanol blends in spark ignition engines: RON, octane-added value, cooling effect, compression ratio, and potential engine efficiency gain

et al. 2017

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Downsized spark ignition engines have the benefit of high thermal efficiency; however, severe engine knock is a challenge. Ethanol, a renewable gasoline alternative, has a much higher octane rating and heat of vaporization than conventional gasoline, therefore, ethanol fuels are one of the options to prevent knock in downsized engines. However, the performance of ethanol blends in modern downsized engines, and the contributions of the research octane number (RON), octane sensitivity (defined as RON-MON) and charge cooling to suppressing engine knock are not fully understood. In this study, eight fuels were designed and tested, including four splash blended ethanol fuels (10 vol.%, 20 vol.%, 30 vol.% and 85 vol.% ethanol, referred to as E10, E20, E30 and E85), one match blended fuel (E0-MB) with no ethanol content but the same octane rating as E30, and three fuels (F1-F3) with different combinations of RON and octane sensitivity. The experiments were conducted in a single-cylinder direct-injection spark ignition (DISI) research engine. Load and spark timing sweep tests at 1800 rpm were carried out for E10-E85 to assess the combustion performance of these ethanol blends. In order to investigate the impact of charge cooling on combustion characteristics, the results of the load sweep for E0-MB were compared to those of E30. Load sweep tests were also carried out for F1-F3 to understand the impacts of RON and octane sensitivity on suppressing engine knock. The results showed that at the knock-limited engine loads, splash blended ethanol fuels with a higher ethanol percentage enabled higher engine thermal efficiency through allowing more advanced combustion phasing and less fuel enrichment for limiting the exhaust gas temperature under the upper limit of 850 °C, which was due to the synergic effects of higher RON and octane sensitivity, as well as better charge cooling. In comparison with octane sensitivity, RON was a more significant factor in 2 improving engine thermal efficiency. Charge cooling reduced engine knock tendency through lowering the unburned gas temperature.

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Feasibility of adding N-Butanol and di isopropyl ether with gasoline on its physico-chemical properties

Dhamodaran¹,

Esakkimuthu²,

Palani³

2021

Petroleum Science and Technology

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Gasoline Driveability Index, Ethanol Content and Cold-Start/Warm-Up Vehicle Performance

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Cylindrical Cavity Sensor for Distinction of Various Driveability Index Gasoline with Temperature Robustness

Cylindrical Cavity Sensor for Distinction of Various Driveability Index Gasoline with Temperature Robustness

Ethanol blends in spark ignition engines: RON, octane-added value, cooling effect, compression ratio, and potential engine efficiency gain

Feasibility of adding N-Butanol and di isopropyl ether with gasoline on its physico-chemical properties

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