Gasoline analysis and brand identification using a static Fourier-transform ultraviolet spectrometer

Steers, Darren; Gerrard, Carl; Hirst, Bill; Sibbett, W.; Padgett, Miles J.

doi:10.1088/1464-4258/1/6/305

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Thus, a wide range of methods for petroleum analysis have been (and continues to be) developed by researchers and approved by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) [1][2]. Analyses of petroleum products using vibrational spectroscopic methods have been widely reported in the mid-IR and near-IR range [3][4][5][6][7] New or advanced spectroscopic technologies such as THz spectroscopy are needed to complement conventional analytical approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THz wave sensing for petroleum industrial applications

Al-Douseri

Chen

Zhang

2006

Int J Infrared Milli Waves

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We present the results of terahertz (THz) sensing of gasoline products. The frequency-dependent absorption coefficients, refractive indices, and complex dielectric constants of gasoline and xylene isomers were extracted in the spectral range from 0.5 -3.0 THz. The THz spectra of gasoline (#87, #89, #93) and related BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) compounds were studied by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the 1.5-20 THz (50-660 cm -1 ). The xylene isomers, which are used as antiknock agent in gasoline were determined quantitatively in gasoline in the THz range. Our investigations show the potential of THz technology for the petroleum industrial applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THz wave sensing for petroleum industrial applications

Al-Douseri

Chen

Zhang

2006

Int J Infrared Milli Waves

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“…In recent years, however, there has been increasing interest in using optical methods as a simple and quick m eans of identifying branded products or checking sample quality. Steers et al 20 designed a simple portable system based on optical absorption methods in the wavelength range 230 -330 nm: by using principal component analysis (PC A), they were able to clearly identify the differences between gasoline brands (and, by implication, test for contamination). Similarly, Andrews and Lieberm an 12 used PCA to detect changes in the uorescence of gasoline and oils (emitting in the range 350 -600 nm) with similar success.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Gasoline Fluorescence Using 404-nm Semi-Conductor Laser Diode Excitation

et al. 2002

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The recent availability of reliable and relatively low-cost GaN based semi-conductor laser diode sources emitting at 404 nm has opened many new areas for fluorescence based measurements. This article characterizes the fluorescence behavior of commercial liquid-phase gasoline samples using such excitation sources. Comparison is drawn with the emission when excited using broad-band sources at shorter wavelengths (340 nm). Here, 404 nm is shown to selectively excite the larger C xH y polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) commonly found as minor constituents of gasoline, mainly for ( x, y) ≥ (14, 10). Both Stokes and anti-Stokes shifted emission was observed in all the gasoline tested and in some PAH samples. The fluorescence is usually superimposed on Raman scattered laser light, arising from vibrations within the basic benzene structures. The fluorescence features of the gasoline samples tested were found to be broadly similar, but, because of its distinctive spectroscopic features, the fluorescence arising from benzo(a)pyrene was found to be one of the main variants. More generally, principal component analysis of the spectra was able to highlight differences between both the sample provenance and the fuel variety.

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“…D'autres études ont porté sur l'utilisation des colorants pour l'inférence de source de produits inflammables (Moss et al, 1982;Pearce, 1976 Plusieurs techniques analytiques ont été utilisées pour le développement de l'inférence de source de liquides inflammables et pour la caractérisation de produits dérivés du pétrole. Les applications de la spectroscopie de fluorescence tridimensionnelle (Alexander et al, 1987;Sheff et Siegel, 1994;Siegel et al, 1985) et d'absorption UV (Steers et al, 1999) ont été brièvement introduites, mais ces techniques se heurtent rapidement à la diversité des prélèvements qu'il est possible de rencontrer dans le domaine. En dehors de l'analyse d'échantillons liquides, ces méthodes ne semblent pas appropriées.…”

Section: Objectifs De L'approche Chimiométriqueunclassified