Gasification

Broer, Karl M.; Peterson, Chad A.

doi:10.1002/9781119417637.ch4

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The steam-to-biomass (STB ratio) adopted was 0.34 with lower value preference (typical STB range between 0.2 and 2) as a consequence of lower energy consumption (Silva and Rouboa, 2014). The gasification and the combustion zone temperatures were 950 °C and 1,000 °C, respectively, which is consistent with their operating parameters (Worley and Yale 2012;Broer and Peterson 2019). Afterward, the gas passes by a cyclone to remove particulates.…”

Section: Dual Fluidized Bed (Dfb Model)mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Thus, a quasi-equilibrium gasifier model was developed to simulate and compare the feasibility of different biomass sources. Hence, it is noted that the multi-reaction equilibrium approach is a standard method for a gasifier modeling of biomass and coal sources as reported in the literature (Worley and Yale 2012;Broer and Peterson 2019). For the particular case of sugarcane bagasse gasification, a recent analysis has shown the syngas evolution in terms of the global reaction mechanism, taking into account a semi-batch reactor operated in a steady flow of high-temperature steam at atmospheric pressure (Ahmed and Gupta 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Techno-Economic and Exergetic Analysis of Circulating and Dual Bed Biomass Gasification Systems

et al. 2021

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In this work, the techno-economic and exergy analyses of two gasification technologies with integration into heat and power combined cycles are presented: i). Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) and ii). Dual fluidized bed (DFB) systems. As feedstock, lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane bagasse, SCB) was considered. The gasification process of the fluidized-bed systems (circulating and dual bed) and the syngas conversion were performed using Aspen Plus® software. The process design includes biomass drying and gasification, syngas cleaning, combustion, power generation, and heat recovery. The SCB-DFB system has the lowest irreversibility rate and, as a result, the highest overall performance and power generation (achieving 32% in the gasification system and 53% of exergy efficiency when coupled with the combined cycle). From the techno-economic assessment, the SCB-DFB system has the lowest total production costs per unit of energy. Hence, the dual fluidized bed systems could be a more competitive technology for the agro-industrial sector to generate power from lignocellulosic materials.

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Section: Dual Fluidized Bed (Dfb Model)mentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Techno-Economic and Exergetic Analysis of Circulating and Dual Bed Biomass Gasification Systems

et al. 2021

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“…The combination of exothermic charring reactions and partial oxidation of the products of kilning provided the energy to drive the endothermic reactions of cracking and devolatilization to produce charcoal. Air or oxygen-blown gasifiers are also autothermal processes, although these ideally attain chemical equilibrium, producing a flammable gas mixture, whereas fast pyrolysis is deliberately operated far from equilibrium to produce primarily liquid products.…”

Section: Autothermal Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterodoxy in Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass

Brown

2020

Energy Fuels

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As the field of fast pyrolysis has matured, it has been accompanied by a kind of orthodoxy in its practice. Among these orthodoxies are the following: (1) oxygen should be excluded from the pyrolysis process; (2) little sugar is produced during pyrolysis; and (3) the major product of pyrolysis is a low-value emulsion in water. Adherence to these tenets is an impediment to the commercial development of fast pyrolysis. Over the past 15 years, research at Iowa State University’s Bioeconomy Institute has challenged these tenets with what might be called heterodoxy in the science and engineering of fast pyrolysis: adding oxygen, producing sugars, and fractionating bio-oil into valorized products. This paper reviews these new approaches to pyrolysis and concludes with an outlook for further developing them.

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“…2,21,22 Progress was then rapid, by 1820 London had 300 miles of installed gas mains with nearly every major UK town gas lit by 1826. 23,24…”

Section: Arrival Of Gas Lightingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25–27 In America the first gas lighting was installed in Baltimore in 1816, with 246 miles of gas mains in New York by 1853. 23,24…”

Section: Arrival Of Gas Lightingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The standardisation of light and photometry – A historical review

Bertenshaw¹

2020

Lighting Research & Technology

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This paper investigates the technological challenges and solutions to defining a reproducible standard for light together with its measurement, from the 18th to 21st century. The arrival and subsequent need to quantify gas lighting led to development of improved measurement methods, which in turn demanded more reliable standards of light, evolving from candle and flame standards to incandescence, and eventually the current radiometric definition. The progression is similarly traced from the plethora of early comparative visual photometry methods through to modern semiconductor instrumentation. The problem of heterochromatic photometry is also examined.

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Gasification

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Comparative Techno-Economic and Exergetic Analysis of Circulating and Dual Bed Biomass Gasification Systems

Comparative Techno-Economic and Exergetic Analysis of Circulating and Dual Bed Biomass Gasification Systems

Heterodoxy in Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass

The standardisation of light and photometry – A historical review

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