Gaseous transport and deposition of gold in magmatic fluid: evidence from the active Kudryavy volcano, Kurile Islands

Yudovskaya, Marina A.; Distler, V. V.; Chaplygin, Ilya; Мохов, А. В.; Trubkin, N. V.; Gorbacheva, S. A.

doi:10.1007/s00126-005-0034-6

Cited by 78 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, molybdenite with more than 1 wt% Re has been found in porphyry-style Cu(-Mo) prospects and deposits in northern Greece and Armenia (Arikas 1979, Melfos et al 2001, Newberry 1979a), Cu and Cu-Ni deposits of the former USSR (Kovalenker et al 1974), and sublimates from the Kudriavy, Merapi, Momotombo, and Mt. St. Helens volcanoes (Bernard et al 1990, Yudovskaya et al 2006. The highest reported natural enrichment of Re in molybdenite is 11.5 wt% in sublimates derived from high-temperature (500-650°C) and reduced volcanic gases (Bernard et al 1990).…”

Section: (Traduit Par La Rédaction)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is only the second known occur-fumaroles at Kudriavy volcano (Korzhinsky et al 1994, Yudovskaya et al 2006. (Volborth & Housley 1984, Volborth et al 1986, Tarkian et al 1991 (Kojonen et al 2004).…”

Section: (Traduit Par La Rédaction)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation of rheniite at the Kudriavy volcano and of Re-rich molybdenite in the Merapi volcano, Indonesia [with up to 11.5 wt% Re, which is the highest yet reported in nature (Bernard et al 1990)], was favored by a temperature gradient and neutralization of an initially more acidic fluid during its ascent to the surface (Yudovskaya et al 2006). The hightemperature deposition of molybdenite and rheniite at the Kudriavy volcano is accompanied by cadmoindite (CdIn 2 S 4 ), kudriavite [(Cd,Pb)Bi 2 S 4 ], wurtzite (ZnS), pyrite (FeS 2 ), cannizzarite (Pb 4 Bi 6 S 13 ), various oxides, including powellite (CaMoO 4 ), molybdite (MoO 3 ), and ilsemannite (Mo 3 O 8 •nH 2 O), native alloys and elements, and chlorides (Korzhinsky et al 1994, Taran et al 1995, Chaplygin et al 2004, Tessalina et al 2005, Znamensky et al 2005, Yudovskaya et al 2006.…”

Section: Mechanism For the Deposition Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hightemperature deposition of molybdenite and rheniite at the Kudriavy volcano is accompanied by cadmoindite (CdIn 2 S 4 ), kudriavite [(Cd,Pb)Bi 2 S 4 ], wurtzite (ZnS), pyrite (FeS 2 ), cannizzarite (Pb 4 Bi 6 S 13 ), various oxides, including powellite (CaMoO 4 ), molybdite (MoO 3 ), and ilsemannite (Mo 3 O 8 •nH 2 O), native alloys and elements, and chlorides (Korzhinsky et al 1994, Taran et al 1995, Chaplygin et al 2004, Tessalina et al 2005, Znamensky et al 2005, Yudovskaya et al 2006. According to Chaplygin et al (2005Chaplygin et al ( , 2007, there are two layers of high-temperature fumarolic incrustation (about 400°C) that formed during cooling of the gas on the surface of the altered basaltic andesite debris: the upper layer (up to 20 cm) consists of secondary sulfates and oxides with relics of minerals of the original rock; the lower sulfide-rich layer (up to 0.5 m) contains pyrite, galena, molybdenite, Cd-bearing sulfosalts of Pb and Bi (e.g., kudriavite, cannizzarite, lillianite), sphalerite, wurtzite, greenockite and rare minerals, such as cadmoindite, native gold and rheniite.…”

Section: Mechanism For the Deposition Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

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RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Voudouris¹,

Melfos²,

Spry³

et al. 2009

The Canadian Mineralogist

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The porphyry-type Pagoni Rachi Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au prospect, in northern Greece, is a porphyry-epithermal system hosted by an Oligocene dacite porphyry and quartz-feldspar porphyry dikes. The rare mineral rheniite (ReS 2 ) and molybdenite, with very high contents of Re (up to 4.7 wt% Re), occur in quartz veins along with Fe-Cu sulfides, Pb-, Sn-, and Cl-bearing oxides, hematite, ilmenite and tellurides of Bi; these veins are spatially related to sericitic and transitional sericitic-sodic-potassic alteration. Earlier-formed gold-bearing quartz and magnetite veins with sodic-potassic-calcic alteration and late precious-metal telluride-rich carbonate-quartz veins with argillic alteration contain only minor amounts of molybdenite. The composition of rheniite ranges from almost pure, stoichiometric rheniite with low Mo content to rheniite with up to 5.99 wt% Mo. Petrographic, scanning electron microscope, and structural studies suggest that the high Re content of molybdenite from Pagoni Rachi is the result of the isovalent Re-for-Mo substitution in molybdenite. This fact is corroborated by the progressive shortening of the Mo-S mean bond-distance (from 2.414 Å in pure molybdenite to 2.355 Å), as well as by the isotropic decrease of the unit-cell values with the increase of the Re:Mo ratio. The structural analysis of four molybdenite crystals, with the highest Re content ever reported in nature, demonstrates that they crystallize as the 2H polytype and not the 3R polytype, as previously hypothesized, thus suggesting that Re concentration does not correlate with a specific polytype. The fluid inclusions in quartz in the Re-bearing molybdenite-rheniite veins at Pagoni Rachi show that they homogenize to either the liquid or vapor phases (354 to 428°C) or by halite dissolution at 317 to 585°C, which equates to salinities of 40 to 59 wt% NaCl equiv. Rheniite and molybdenite likely precipitated as temperatures fell below 400°C during phase separation under relatively oxidizing conditions, at elevated chlorine activity, and from relatively acid hydrothermal solutions. However, the presence of Pb oxides, Sn-bearing minerals and tellurides § E-mail address: voudouris@geol.uoa.gr 1014 thE CanaDian MinERalogist is compelling evidence that rheniite and Re-rich molybdenite may have formed directly from the vapor as sublimates, in a manner similar to the way they are deposited at the Kudriavy volcano, Kurile Islands.Keywords: porphyry-epithermal deposit, rheniite, Re-rich molybdenite, polytype, phase separation, tellurides, sublimates, Pagoni Rachi, Greece.soMMaiRE L'indice minéralisé en Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au de Pagoni Rachi, de type porphyre, situé dans le nord de la Grèce, est un système épithermal encaissé par un porphyre dacitique oligocène et des filons de porphyre quartzofeldspathique. Nous y avons trouvé la rhéniïte (ReS 2 ), espèce rare, et la molybdénite très enrichie en Re (jusqu'à 4.7% Re, poids), dans des veines de quartz avec des sulfures de Fe-Cu, des oxydes contenant Pb, Sn, et Cl, l'hématite, l'ilménite et des tellurure...

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Section: (Traduit Par La Rédaction)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (Traduit Par La Rédaction)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism For the Deposition Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism For the Deposition Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Voudouris¹,

Melfos²,

Spry³

et al. 2009

The Canadian Mineralogist

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“…Heinrich et al (2004) and Williams-Jones and Heinrich (2005) suggested that vapor-phase transport of ore metals and sulfur from a deep magmatic setting to a shallow epithermal system can occur due to low-density magmatic fluids. This type of metal transport can be observed in modern volcanic fumaroles, where µm-sized native gold particles, along with other metallic phases, precipitate directly from volcanic emissions (Meeker et al, 1991;Fulignati and Sbrana, 1998;Taran et al, 2000;Yudovskaya et al, 2006). The epithermal ore metals of the NGB, however, were likely released via magmatic fluids exsolved at depth, based on Pb-and Re-Os-isotope data (Kamenov et al, 2007;Saunders et al, 2008Saunders et al, , 2014 as well as more recent Cu isotope results (Saunders et al, 2015).…”

Section: Chapter 1 -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Copper Isotope Compositions of Cenozoic Mafic-Intermediate Rocks of the Northern Great Basin and Snake River Plain (Usa)

Maynard¹

2016

Geological Society of America Abstracts With Programs

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Mid-Miocene epithermal Au-Ag ores of the northern Great Basin USA are related to magmatism associated with the inception of the Yellowstone hotspot. The geochemical chemical connection between these ores and spatially and temporally related volcanism is not well understood, but has been suggested (Kamenov, 2007;Saunders et al., 2015). These Cu-and Pbisotope studies show that the ore and associated gangue minerals have different sources of Pb, which supports evidence that the metal(loids) originate from a deep magmatic source (Saunders et al., 2008). Cu isotopes as a tool for exploring linkages between ore deposits and related Moeller et al., 2012;Liu et al., 2014Liu et al., , 2015 suggesting that aquaregia leach may not be a preferable technique when analyzing volcanic rocks.iii

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Hyperacidic Volcanic Lakes, Metal Sinks and Magmatic Gas Expansion in Arc Volcanoes

Henley

2015

Advances in Volcanology

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Gaseous transport and deposition of gold in magmatic fluid: evidence from the active Kudryavy volcano, Kurile Islands

Cited by 78 publications

References 18 publications

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Copper Isotope Compositions of Cenozoic Mafic-Intermediate Rocks of the Northern Great Basin and Snake River Plain (Usa)

Hyperacidic Volcanic Lakes, Metal Sinks and Magmatic Gas Expansion in Arc Volcanoes

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