Gaseous admixtures in the atmosphere over Moscow during the 2010 summer

Elansky, N. F.; Мохов, И. И.; Беликов, И. Б.; Березина, Е. В.; Елохов, А. С.; Иванов, В. А.; Pankratova, Natalia; Postylyakov, O. V.; Safronov, A. N.; Skorokhod, Andrey; Shumskii, R. A.

doi:10.1134/s000143381106003x

Cited by 51 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The wildfires around Moscow created elevated atmospheric levels of carbon monoxide (CO), NO x , O 3 , sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), ammonia (NH 3 ), formic acid (HCOOH) and aerosol load, affecting air quality and human health (Yurganov et al, 2011;Elansky et al, 2011;Konovalov et al, 2011;van Donkelaar et al, 2011;R'Honi et al, 2013). Here, we show that high levels of glyoxal have also been produced from these wildfires.…”

Section: Russian Fires In 2010mentioning

confidence: 81%

An improved glyoxal retrieval from OMI measurements

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Satellite observations from the SCIAMACHY, GOME-2 and OMI spectrometers have been used to retrieve atmospheric columns of glyoxal (CHOCHO) with the DOAS method. High CHOCHO levels were found over regions with large biogenic and pyrogenic emissions, and hot-spots have been identified over areas of anthropogenic activities.This study focuses on the development of an improved retrieval for CHOCHO from measurements by the OMI instrument. From sensitivity tests, a fitting window and a polynomial degree are determined. Two different approaches to reduce the interference of liquid water absorption over oceanic regions are evaluated, achieving significant reduction of the number of negative columns over clear water regions. The impact of using different absorption cross-sections for water vapour is evaluated and only small differences are found. Finally, a high-temperature (boundary layer ambient: 294 K) absorption cross-section of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is introduced in the DOAS retrieval to account for potential interferences of NO 2 over regions with large anthropogenic emissions, leading to improved fit quality over these areas. A comparison with vertical CHOCHO columns retrieved from GOME-2 and SCIAMACHY measurements over continental regions is performed, showing overall good consistency. However, SCIAMACHY CHOCHO columns are systematically higher than those obtained from the other instruments.Using the new OMI CHOCHO data set, the link between fires and glyoxal columns is investigated for two selected regions in Africa. In addition, mapped averages are computed for a fire event in Russia between mid-July and midAugust 2010. In both cases, enhanced CHOCHO levels are found in close spatial and temporal proximity to elevated levels of MODIS fire radiative power, demonstrating that pyrogenic emissions can be clearly identified in the new OMI CHOCHO product.

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Section: Russian Fires In 2010mentioning

confidence: 81%

An improved glyoxal retrieval from OMI measurements

et al. 2014

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“…Green symbols are the observations. heavy smoke associated with the fires most likely reduced the surface shortwave radiation and may have led to substantial heating of the overlying atmosphere by radiation absorption (Yu et al, 2002;Elansky et al, 2011). These factors may have led to a more stable stratification of the PBL than simulated with the ECMWF model, because the smoke associated with fires in the lower atmosphere is not directly taken into account by that model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

How much CO was emitted by the 2010 fires around Moscow?

et al. 2013

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The fires around Moscow in July and August 2010 emitted a large amount of pollutants to the atmosphere. Here we estimate the carbon monoxide (CO) source strength of the Moscow fires in July and August by using the TM5-4DVAR system in combination with CO column observations of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI). It is shown that the IASI observations provide a strong constraint on the total emissions needed in the model. Irrespective of the prior emissions used, the optimised CO fire emission estimates from mid-July to mid-August 2010 amount to approximately 24 Tg CO. This estimate depends only weakly (< 15%) on the assumed diurnal variations and injection height of the emissions. However, the estimated emissions might depend on unaccounted model uncertainties such as vertical transport. Our emission estimate of 22–27 Tg CO during roughly one month of intense burning is less than suggested by another recent study, but substantially larger than predicted by the bottom-up inventories. This latter discrepancy suggests that bottom-up emission estimates for extreme peat burning events require improvements

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“…stagnant, hot, sunny) that lead to extremely high concentrations of ozone, typically for a short duration. During the summer of 2010 in Moscow, blocking anticyclonic meteorological conditions with record-breaking high temperatures led to larger than normal evaporative emissions from fuels, paints, etc., as well as emissions from a large number of forest and turf fires, in addition to the "normal" megacity emissions (Zvyagintsev et al, 2011;Elansky et al, 2011). These conditions, which persisted from July through midAugust, resulted in maximum hourly mean concentrations of ozone that peaked at 134.2 ppbv (Elansky et al, 2011).…”

Section: Megacitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Ozone holds a certain fascination in atmospheric science. It is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, central to tropospheric oxidation chemistry, yet harmful to human and ecosystem health as well as being an important greenhouse gas. It is not emitted into the atmosphere but is a byproduct of the very oxidation chemistry it largely initiates. Much effort is focused on the reduction of surface levels of ozone owing to its health and vegetation impacts, but recent efforts to achieve reductions in exposure at a country scale have proved difficult to achieve owing to increases in background ozone at the zonal hemispheric scale. There is also a growing realisation that the role of ozone as a short-lived climate pollutant could be important in integrated air quality climate change mitigation. This review examines current understanding of the processes regulating tropospheric ozone at global to local scales from both measurements and models. It takes the view that knowledge across the scales is important for dealing with air quality and climate change in a synergistic manner. The review shows that there remain a number of clear challenges for ozone such as explaining surface trends, incorporating new chemical understanding, ozone-climate coupling, and a better assessment of impacts. There is a clear and present need to treat ozone across the range of scales, a transboundary issue, but with an emphasis on the hemispheric scales. New observational opportunities are offered both by satellites and small sensors that bridge the scales.

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Gaseous admixtures in the atmosphere over Moscow during the 2010 summer

Cited by 51 publications

References 12 publications

An improved glyoxal retrieval from OMI measurements

An improved glyoxal retrieval from OMI measurements

How much CO was emitted by the 2010 fires around Moscow?

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

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