Gaschromatographische Untersuchungen der Serumfetts�uren des Menschen

Schrade, W.; Boehle, E; Biegler, R.; Teicke, R.; Ullrich, Bernhard

doi:10.1007/bf01487275

Cited by 45 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…A potential physiological role of fatty acids as activators of PPAR gains support from the finding that, at least in the case of linoleic acid, effective concentrations are within the range of serum levels of the nonesterified acid (29). Phenomenologically, the activation of PPAR by fatty acids is in close agreement with the findings that fatty acids (1) and poorly metabolized derivatives thereof (5,6) evoke similar physiological responses as peroxisomal proliferation-inducing drugs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Fatty acids activate a chimera of the clofibric acid-activated receptor and the glucocorticoid receptor.

Göttlicher

Widmark

et al. 1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

767

433

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Peroxisome proliferators such as clofibric acid, nafenopin, and WY-14,643 have been shown to activate PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor), a member of the steroid nuclear receptor superfamily. We have cloned the cDNA from the rat that is homologous to that from the mouse [Issemann, I. & Green, S. (1990) Unsaturated fatty acids induce peroxisomal proliferation and lower blood triglyceride levels (1-3). Similar effects are evoked by a number of man-made compounds which are either considered for therapy of hyperlipidemia-e.g., clofibric acid, nafenopin, WY-14,643, or sulfur-substituted fatty acids-or are in use as industrial plasticizers (4-6). The steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) also induces peroxisomal proliferation but increases blood triglyceride and cholesterol levels (7,8). Two main hypotheses have been developed to explain the complex response of peroxisomal proliferation to this wide variety of inducers. According to one theory the intracellular accumulation of fatty acids is the key stimulus for triggering peroxisomal proliferation (4, 9). The other theory postulates the involvement of a receptor protein (4, 10) and an as-yet-unknown intracellular messenger-e.g., the ligand for this receptor.The latter idea gained substantial support from the discovery of mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (mPPAR), a member of the steroid nuclear receptor superfamily (11,12). The gene encoding PPAR belongs to a number of genes cloned in the last few years by means of their homology with steroid receptors. In general, ligands or physiologically occurring activators have been identified for only a few of these so-called orphan receptors (13-15). In the case of mPPAR, transactivation studies using chimeric proteins composed of the putative ligand-binding domain of the novel receptor and DNA-binding domains of known steroid receptors showed that mPPAR could be activated by peroxisome proliferators (11). However, the identity ofthe ultimate ligand of the receptor protein, the nature of physiological activators, and how the receptor might relate to the concept of fatty acids as inducers of peroxisomal proliferation remain unclear.We now describe the cloning from rat liver of a gene homologous to that encoding mPPAR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Fatty acids activate a chimera of the clofibric acid-activated receptor and the glucocorticoid receptor.

Göttlicher

Widmark

et al. 1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

767

433

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A Neurochemical Study of a Case of Sudanophilic Leukodystrophy

Gerstl¹,

Rubinstein²,

Eng³

et al. 1966

Archives of Neurology

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Characterization and quantification of human plasma lipids from crude lipid extracts by field desorption mass spectrometry

Lehmann

Kessler

1983

Biol. Mass Spectrom.

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The main classes of human plasma lipids, free fatty acids, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides and phosphatidylcholines were identified and quantified from samples of human plasma by field desorption mass spectrometry. A crude lipid extract was prepared from 50 microliters of human plasma and a 1-5% aliquot thereof was subjected directly to field desorption mass spectrometry without any chromatographic separation of the extract constituents. Within the classes of free fatty acids, triglycerides and phosphatidylcholines the fatty acid profile was obtained directly from the mass spectrum and accurate quantification could be achieved by the addition of stable isotope labelled internal standards.

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Gaschromatographische Untersuchungen der Serumfetts�uren des Menschen

Cited by 45 publications

References 13 publications

Fatty acids activate a chimera of the clofibric acid-activated receptor and the glucocorticoid receptor.

Fatty acids activate a chimera of the clofibric acid-activated receptor and the glucocorticoid receptor.

A Neurochemical Study of a Case of Sudanophilic Leukodystrophy

Characterization and quantification of human plasma lipids from crude lipid extracts by field desorption mass spectrometry

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