Gaschromatographische Und Enzymatische Untersuchungen Des Zuckerspektrums Des Honigtaus Von Buchneria Pectina Tae (Nördl.)

Abstract

Étude du spectre des sucres du miellat de Buchneria pectinatae (Nordl.) par chromatographîe en phase gazeuse et par analyse enzymatique Gerhard LIEBIG L üll Jt S t 1 ! b I Jl i. / ii.°r B ienen k u l /dc f J u h cJihcu J/ Puufach 106, D 1000 Slullgarl 70 (B.R.n.) SUMMARY Y GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC AND ENZYlv1ATlC EXAMINATION OF HONEYDEW OF THE APHID 8UCHNERIA PEC11NA TAEBNÖRDL) l!i i977 and 1978 honeydew of Buclzueriu pe;-tinacae which teed on ,4ba! alha was colicutcct " '° i,u !ubar composition was analysed. Sucrose, melezitose and fructose, the major components of fio!!e),Oew are averaging 60, 20 and 10% respectively. Trehalose, maltose and glucose are present in levels less than 5 %. Galactosc is not foun,1 T n c portions of sugars found in honeydew vary within a little range. These vacations are ncither Cd' i dated with changes in the density of aphid populations nor with the CI ' weathci or scasonal fact"rs concerning the vegetation. When the density of population of B. 1 ;ectiiiatue decrejscd there is no variation in the composiUd" m 'Sugars !.; Hoiteyde'A coiicCted by night contains more sucrose and less meteLitosc than hoiicy.JeD< coiiecteu oy ,-1?;.41ght. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Wahren d der l'anninirächt ] '-)7 und i 978 wurde an verschiedenen Standorten Honig!au aufgefangen auf sein Zuckerspektrum analysiert. Saccharose. Nlelezitose und Fructose niachen etwa 90 'io dcr Zu_ k er aus; das Vcitiältriis von Saccharose zu Melezitosc zu Fructose liegt im Durchschnitt bei 6.!:) I Trehatüse, Nialtcse und Glucose treten ebenfalls reg!lmässig. aber nui in grrwgen Mengen aut. Ga!a;;tuse

Sugar, amino acid and inorganic ion profiling of the honeydew from different hemipteran species feeding on Abies alba and Picea abies

“…Liebig [20] found higher proportions of melezitose (up to 20%) in the honeydew of C. pectinatae on A. alba than was shown in this study (2%). Reasons for this difference may be the high variability between samples, even if taken from the same hemipteran species and the same host plant [18], or different environmental conditions during sample collection.…”

“…Reasons for this difference may be the high variability between samples, even if taken from the same hemipteran species and the same host plant [18], or different environmental conditions during sample collection. Unfortunately, in the study by Liebig [20], the proportion of the other important trisaccharide, erlose, was not shown. Therefore, it cannot be excluded that the two trisaccharides were not separated.…”

“…sucrose, trehalose, maltose) and trisaccharides (e.g. melezitose, erlose, raffinose) were found in honeydew [15,17,19,20] but not in the phloem sap of several tree species, where only sucrose was present [2,21]. In willow trees, for example, sucrose was the only sugar found in the phloem sap, whereas the honeydew of a phloem feeding willow aphid (Tuberolachnus salignus) contained different mono-, di-, and trisaccharides [21].…”

“…There are some, mainly older, publications about the proportion of melezitose in honeydew of hemipteran feeding aphids on conifers, but the data are partly inconsistent [34]. Liebig [20] reports a share of 15% melezitose of the total sugar content in honeydew of Cinara pectinatae feeding on Abies alba, whereas in other studies, no melezitose was detected [35]. The quality of honey depends, in addition to several other factors, also on the quantity of melezitose and other oligosaccharides.…”

Environmental factors affect melezitose production in honeydew from aphids and scale insects of the order Hemiptera

“…Another effect on different proportions of sugars in the honeydew of the hemipteran species Cinara pectinatae (formerly named Buchneria pectinatae) was investigated in a previous study without ant attendance. This study focused on photoperiodic factors, revealing that Cinara pectinatae produces more melezitose in the daytime than at night (Liebig, 1979). Honeydew producing scale insects and aphids mainly occur on the spruce species Picea abies and the fir species Abies alba in Germany or middle Europe.…”