Various sensors are indispensable for the rapid development of modern engineering and play an important role in human economic development and social progress. The number of these sensors is enormous and widely distributed, it is impractical to use only batteries to drive the entire sensor network. The use of batteries will also bring difficulties in tracking and recycling and possible environmental pollution and health hazards. Consequently, developing selfpowered sensor technologies capable of self-driving operation utilizing ambient energy is highly desirable and necessary.In 2012, Wang's group first invented triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), [1,2] its great potential in self-powered systems has attracted widespread attention from researchers. [3,4] The basic working principle of TENGs can be explained by the coupling effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction effect, [5][6][7] which can convert the energy of the surrounding environment into electrical energy, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient implementation, diverse material selectivity, and wide application. [8,9] It is considered the most promising alternative to traditional battery technology. [10] As one of the most important and abundant renewable energy sources in natural activities, [11][12][13] fluid energy mainly includes wind energy, airflow energy, droplet energy, water flow energy, and wave energy. Hence, the use of TENGs to harvest these fluid energies for clean, distributed, and self-powered sensing technology is a good option. [14,15] Figure 1 summarizes the typical examples and application scenarios of triboelectric fluid sensors (TFSs) under different fluid energy states in recent years.In this paper, the research status of TFSs is reviewed. First, the basic theory and working modes of TFSs are reviewed, including gas-based and liquid-based. Then, the research progress of gas-based triboelectric sensors, liquid-based triboelectric sensors, and multiphase flow-based triboelectric sensors is introduced, respectively. Many researchers have developed and implemented TFSs designs for different functions, including wind speed, flow, concentration, liquid level, position, motion, etc. In addition, the main applications of TFSs in the fields of natural environment monitoring, industrial pipeline monitoring, urban air purification, industrial wastewater treatment, Fluid energy is one of the most common, widely distributed, and significant renewable energy sources globally, which generally exists in gases and liquids such as wind energy, airflow energy, droplet energy, water flow energy, and wave energy. Since Wang's research group first invented the triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in 2012, it has been widely utilized and developed rapidly as a new energy conversion method and as a promising sensing technology. Especially in fluid sensing, the TENGs get a lot of attention. This paper comprehensively reviews the latest research on triboelectric fluid sensors (TFSs). First, the fundamental theories and bas...