“…Pyran’s process starts with hydrogenation of furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) (Step 1) over Pd-, Cu-, or Ni-based catalysts. The Step 1 reaction is well established and can reach >90% yield. , The process continues with THFA dehydration to 3,4–2H-dihydropyran (DHP, Step 2), followed by DHP hydration to 2- hydroxytetrahydropyran (2-HTHP, Step 3), and finally 2-HTHP hydrogenation to 1,5-pentanediol (1,5-PDO, Step 4). The patented Pyran technology , increases the overall 1,5-PDO yield from 70 to 86% compared to traditional routes .…”