Gas permeation of polymer blends. V. Compatibility studies of poly(vinyl chloride)/poly-ε-caprolactone blends

Shur, Young J.; R�nby, Bengt

doi:10.1080/00222347708212239

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…PVC and PCL are highly compatible polymers that appear miscible over a wide composition range, indicating strong molecular interactions in PVC/PCL blends such that relatively stable binary blends are formed. − Thus, compatibilizers are not essential in forming PVC/PCL blends. To test the proposal that the migration of PCL in PVC/PCL blends might be suppressed by addition of PVC- b -PCL block copolymers as a polymeric compatibilizer, we compared the migration behavior of PVC/PCL blends with and without added PVC- b -PCL in hexane as shown in Figure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmigratory Poly(vinyl chloride)-block-polycaprolactone Plasticizers and Compatibilizers Prepared by Sequential RAFT and Ring-Opening Polymerization (RAFT-T̵-ROP)

et al. 2019

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Well-defined nonmigrating polymeric plasticizers, poly(vinyl chloride)-block-polycaprolactone (PVC-b-PCL), were synthesized by sequential reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and ring-opening polymerization (ROP) with 2-hydroxyethyl 2-(ethoxycarbonothioylthio)propanoate (HECP) as RAFT agent and incipient initiator for ROP of ε-caprolactone (CL, oxepan-2-one). Kinetic experiments demonstrated that HECP provided good control in RAFT polymerization of vinyl chloride (VC) with dispersity (Đ) ∼ 1.2 for 3400 < M n < 11000. Chain extension experiments with VC and vinyl acetate proved the high end-group fidelity of the macroRAFT agent formed. The hydroxy end-group of the PVC macroRAFT agent allowed its use as a ROP initiator in forming a series of PVC-b-PCL with different PCL block lengths by RAFT-T̵-ROP. Characterization by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicates that there is enhanced chain entanglement for PVC-b-PCL block copolymers when compared to PCL homopolymers in PVC blends, which accounts for PVC-b-PCL being able to provide permanent plasticization. The PVC-b-PCL copolymers are also effective as polymeric compatibilizers in PVC/PCL blends where they suppress the migration of PCL. PVC blends plasticized with PVC-b-PCL show similar or better ductility than PVC containing the archetypical PVC plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP) for the same level of plasticizer. Most importantly, the PVC-b-PCL polymeric plasticizers are nonleaching and do not migrate under conditions where DOP is readily extractable.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmigratory Poly(vinyl chloride)-block-polycaprolactone Plasticizers and Compatibilizers Prepared by Sequential RAFT and Ring-Opening Polymerization (RAFT-T̵-ROP)

et al. 2019

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“…For weakly interacting gas molecules that follow Henry's law and have concentration-independent diffusion coefficients, eq. ( 5 ) can be used in conjunction with Fick's first law to yield the following relationship for the permeability coefficient P = S D ( 6 ) where S is the solubility coefficient (identical to kD when eq. (5) applies) and D is the diffusion coefficient.…”

Section: Sorption and Transport Of Gases In Copolymers 2081mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption and transport of pure gases in random styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymers

Raymond

Paul

1990

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Previous work has shown that permeability coefficients for CO2 can increase with pressure for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA); whereas, those for polystyrene decrease slightly as found for many glassy polymers. This response is attributed to a greater propensity for PMMA to be plasticized by CO2. This issue is considered in detail here by examining the behavior of a series of random styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymers in order to learn how the plasticization response varies with MMA content. At low pressure, the sorption and transport of CO2 and other gases in these copolymers depend on copolymer composition in ways expected from simple theories for multicomponent polymers. The change in CO2 permeability coefficient upon pressurization from 1 to 20 atm ranged from –6% for polystyrene to +57% for poly (methyl methacrylate). Furthermore, upon holding at 20 atm of CO2 driving pressure, there was a significant increase in the CO2 permeability coefficient with time for PMMA; whereas this conditioning effect was much smaller for polystyrene. Conditioning and plasticization effects seem to be related to the same molecular causes. The responses change progressively for the copolymers but not directly in proportion to MMA content. The greater effects of CO2 for PMMA are, to a significant extent, but not entirely, due to its much higher level of CO2 sorption compared with that of polystyrene. The results are discussed in terms of relevant theories.

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“…volumes are as small as the experimental errors, f0.0005 g/cm3, indicating the interaction between PMMA and BCPC must be relatively weak. 11 show permeability coefficients for all gases used here plotted semilogarithmically versus volume fraction of BCPC in the blend. As seen, gas permeabilities for the blends are lower than those calculated from Eq.…”

Section: Specific Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To examine how gas solubilities in PMMA/BCPC blends are related to blend composition, an apparent gas solubility coefficient defined as P = D,S, (11) is adopted here. Using the permeability and apparent diffusivity reported above, the apparent solubility coefficients for various gases in the blends are calculated and presented in Figure 17.…”

Section: Combining Eqs (5) and (7) Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas permeation in miscible blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) with bisphenol chloral polycarbonate

Chiou

Paul

1987

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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SynopsisThe miscibility of poly(methy1 methacrylate) (PMMA) with bisphenol chloral polycarbonate (BCPC) has been studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical indication of phase separation on heating (i.e., lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior), density measurement, and gas permeation. All evidence indicate that PMMA is miscible with BCPC over the whole blend compoaition range. Single composition-dependent glass transition temperature and LCST behavior have been observed for each blend. The specific volumes of the blends follow closely the simple additivity rule indicating the interaction between PMMA and BCPC is weak.Gas permeability coefficients for He, H,, O,, Ar, N,, CH,, and CO, measured at 35OC under 1 to 2 atm upstream pressure are lower than those calculated from the semilogarithmic additivity rule. The difference between this calculated permeabfity and the measured one increases with gas molecular size. As a result, the ideal gas separation factors for He/CH,, COJCH,, and O,/N, gas pairs estimated from the ratio of pure gas permeabilities are higher than predicted from the semilogarithmic additivity rule. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of the free volume theory and the activated state theory, which have been proposed to describe gas transport behavior in polymer mixtures.

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Gas permeation of polymer blends. V. Compatibility studies of poly(vinyl chloride)/poly-ε-caprolactone blends

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Nonmigratory Poly(vinyl chloride)-block-polycaprolactone Plasticizers and Compatibilizers Prepared by Sequential RAFT and Ring-Opening Polymerization (RAFT-T̵-ROP)

Nonmigratory Poly(vinyl chloride)-block-polycaprolactone Plasticizers and Compatibilizers Prepared by Sequential RAFT and Ring-Opening Polymerization (RAFT-T̵-ROP)

Sorption and transport of pure gases in random styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymers

Gas permeation in miscible blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) with bisphenol chloral polycarbonate

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