Gas-liquid chromatography of endogenous gibberellins in tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum

Perez, Antonio Tiongco; Lachman, W. H.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)97282-0

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The chromatographic distribution of this gibberellin activity suggested that the gibberellias GA3 and GA4 or GA7 were present. This is in agreement with the gas liquid chromatography results obtained by Perez and Lachman (1971), who identified the gibberellins A3, A8,Ag, A4 and/or A7 in extracts of tomato plants.…”

Section: Disoissionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Changes in Endogenous Plant Hormones in Cherry Tomato Fruits during Development and Maturation

Abdel-Rahman

Thomas

Doss

et al. 1975

Physiologia Plantarum

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Hormonal extracts of cherry tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Small Fry at different stages of fruit development and maturation were bioassayed for their auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin and growth inhibitor activities. In general, the levels of endogenous growth promoters were much higher in the young developing fruits than in the more mature fruits. Free cytokinin levels were highest in the first two weeks of development then declined rapidly. However, cytokinin activity in the ribotide fraction, after treatment with alkaline phosphatase, decreased during thefirst three weeks of development then increased rapidly over the following four weeks. Auxin levels increased during early development to reach a maximum in three‐week‐old fruits after anthesis. Gibberellin levels during the first two weeks of development were much lower than those of auxins and cytokinins, but then increased to reach a peak in the fourth week after anthesis. A growth inhibiting substance with Rf similar to that of abscisic acid was found in the acidic fraction of the fruit extracts. This inhibitor increased gradually during fruit growth and development and reached a peak at the age of five weeks which coincides with the green mature stage.

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Section: Disoissionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Changes in Endogenous Plant Hormones in Cherry Tomato Fruits during Development and Maturation

Abdel-Rahman

Thomas

Doss

et al. 1975

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Recently it was reported that tomato shoots contain a number of gibberellins including GAg and GA4 or GA- (Lockard et al 1970, Perez andLachman 1971). The application of these gibberellins onto intact dwarf In dwarf plants application of 6.1 ug of IAA per plant (treatment 2) resulted in less stem elongation when compared to the control after 7 and 14 days (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Synergism between Gibberellin and Auxin in the Growth of Intact Tomato

Grünwald

Lockard

1973

Physiologia Plantarum

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Gibberellin A4&7 was: more effective than gibberellic acid in increasing sboot elongation wben applied to the apex of intact Lycopersicum esculentum seedlings of Tiay Tim, a dw,arf cultivar, and Winsal!, a tall cultivar. After 14 days, gibberelHc acid and gibberellin A4&7 stimulated growth of the dwarf more than the tall tomato. In tall tomato the application of indole-3-acetic acid alone (6.1 |Jg/plant) showed an inhibitory growth effect, bat when applied with 17.5 [ig per plant of gibberellic acid, it bad a synergistic effect at 7 days but not at 14 days. When the auxin concentration was reduced to 0.61 |,ig per plant a synergistic effect was observed on tall plants at 7 and 14 days between indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid. Application of gibberellin A4&7 witb auxin did not give a synergistic response in tall or dwarf tomato.

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“…5), which suggests that there were only quantitative differences in the endogenous gibberellins of the two tomatoes. By co-chromatography with authentic samples, peak 1 was identified as gibberellin A, or gibberellin A7 or both, while peak 3 was found to be GA3 (23,24). Peak 2 is still not identified.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peak 2 is still not identified. Gibberellins A8 and A9 were also identified in trace amounts in the tomato extracts (23,24).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of the Yellow-Green 6 Gene in Tomato

Perez¹,

Marsh²,

Lachman³

1974

Plant Physiol.

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The yellow-green 6 (ygf) mutation in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is controlled by a single recessive gene with pleiotropic effects. The syndrome of characters associated with the mutation are enhanced stem elongation, reduced chlorophyll content and absence of deteetable anthocyanins. We now have shown that the mutant also has fewer lateral roots than the wild type and higher L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (E.C. 4.3.1.5) activity than the normal tomato. These traits of the mutant closely resemble those induced in many plants by the application of gibberellic acid which suggests that the phenotypic expressions of the mutation might in some manner be related to the endogenous level or activity of the gibberellins. In support of this premise, data are presented which show that the characters of the mutant can be induced in the wild type tomato by application of gibberellic acid. Conversely, several traits of the wild type can be induced in the mutant by an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis, Phosfon. In addition, an embryoless barley half-seed bioassay for the gibberellins and gas-liquid chromatography indicated that the mutant contained at least three times as much total gibberellin as the wild type plant.A particular phenotype may be determined by a single gene through the control of a single chemical reaction as was demonstrated in lower organisms (15) and in higher plants (26).For example, in the latter, five mutant genes in Zea mays were suggested as being responsible for the dwarf habit of growth through the control of the amount of native gibberellins (26). These nonallelic mutant genes apparently control different steps in the biosynthesis of the gibberellins and thereby lead to a reduced amount of these substances, resulting in one observable phenotypic effect-dwarfed plants.Since hormones typically affect many facets of plant growth, it seems probable that an alteration of the level or efficacy of any natural hormone, such as the gibberellins, could affect not only one phenotypic trait, but could give rise to a whole syndrome of pleiotropic characteristics (5).

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Gas-liquid chromatography of endogenous gibberellins in tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Changes in Endogenous Plant Hormones in Cherry Tomato Fruits during Development and Maturation

Changes in Endogenous Plant Hormones in Cherry Tomato Fruits during Development and Maturation

Synergism between Gibberellin and Auxin in the Growth of Intact Tomato

Physiology of the Yellow-Green 6 Gene in Tomato

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