Gas hydrates in sustainable chemistry

Abstract

This review includes the current state of the art understanding and advances in technical developments about various fields of gas hydrates, which are combined with expert perspectives and analyses.

Performance of Waterborne Polyurethanes in Inhibition of Gas Hydrate Formation and Corrosion: Influence of Hydrophobic Fragments

“…Hydrate particles may agglomerate, which results in hydrate plug and pipeline blockage. This impedes the fluids flow, thereby reducing transportation efficiency, increasing operating costs, as well as contributing to an industrial accident in extreme cases [2,3]. In addition, acidic environment can cause severe corrosion of the pipeline or other contact steel elements used in the production, transportation, storage, and refining of hydrocarbons, which reduces their service life (pipelines, etc.).…”

Intra-Cage Structure, Vibrations and Tetrahedral-Site Hopping of H2 and D2 in Doubly-Occupied 51264 Cages in sII Clathrate Hydrates from Path-Integral and Classical Molecular Dynamics

“…Clathrate hydrates are non-stoichiometric inclusion compounds in which a host water lattice entraps gas molecules [2]. Clathrate hydrates offer a potentially interesting storage medium for hydrogen-a means for 'green mass storage' [2].…”

“…Clathrate hydrates are non-stoichiometric inclusion compounds in which a host water lattice entraps gas molecules [2]. Clathrate hydrates offer a potentially interesting storage medium for hydrogen-a means for 'green mass storage' [2]. The prospect of using gas hydrates as a cheap and green alternative to metal-organic frameworks, zeolites and hydrides for hydrogen storage to facilitate the green and hydrogen economies is certainly attractive [2].…”

“…Clathrate hydrates offer a potentially interesting storage medium for hydrogen-a means for 'green mass storage' [2]. The prospect of using gas hydrates as a cheap and green alternative to metal-organic frameworks, zeolites and hydrides for hydrogen storage to facilitate the green and hydrogen economies is certainly attractive [2]. Although pure hydrogen hydrates (consisting only of hydrogen in sII clathrate cages) have been realised experimentally, first by Dyadin et al [3,4], they require very high pressures (around 1.5-2 kbar) to be structurally stable at near-ambient temperatures [2][3][4][5] and are less practical for engineering applications [2,5,6].…”

“…The prospect of using gas hydrates as a cheap and green alternative to metal-organic frameworks, zeolites and hydrides for hydrogen storage to facilitate the green and hydrogen economies is certainly attractive [2]. Although pure hydrogen hydrates (consisting only of hydrogen in sII clathrate cages) have been realised experimentally, first by Dyadin et al [3,4], they require very high pressures (around 1.5-2 kbar) to be structurally stable at near-ambient temperatures [2][3][4][5] and are less practical for engineering applications [2,5,6]. The maximum theoretical hydrogen capacity of the hydrogen hydrate is 5.3 wt.% (for sII hydrates) at significantly elevated pressures of the order of 2-3 kbar for this higher level of cage-filling, and temperatures of around 250 K [7][8][9][10].…”