Gas Exchanges and Stem Water Potential Define Stress Thresholds for Efficient Irrigation Management in Olive (Olea europea L.)

Marino, Giulia; Caruso, Tiziano; Ferguson, Louise; Marra, Francesco Paolo

doi:10.3390/w10030342

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…Different letters in the same season and feature indicate significant differences (p < 0.05, Tukey Test). similar to the current work, are commonly considered moderate for olive trees, with no effect on yield [14] or even suggesting as no water stress conditions [15]. Such level of water stress could affect the current or the following season's yield.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

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Absence of Yield Reduction after Controlled Water Stress during Prehaverst Period in Table OliveTrees

et al. 2020

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Deficit irrigation scheduling is becoming increasingly important under commercial conditions. Water status measurement is a useful tool in these conditions. However, the information about water stress levels for olive trees is scarce. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect on yield of a moderate controlled water stress level at the end of the irrigation season. The experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of La Hampa (Coria del Río, Seville, Spain) during three years. A completely randomized block design was performed using three different irrigation treatments. Deficit irrigation was applied several (4 or 2) weeks before harvest. Irrigation was controlled using the midday stem water potential, with a threshold value of −2 MPa and compared with a full irrigated treatment. This water stress did not reduced gas exchange during the deficit period. The effect on yield was not significant in any of the three seasons. In the high-fruit load season, fruit volume was slightly affected (around 10%), but this was not significant at harvest. Results suggest an early affection of fruit growth with water stress, but with a slow rate of decrease. Moderate water stress could be useful for the management of deficit irrigation in table olive trees.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…More recently, Ref. [15] also suggested this value as a possible threshold for olive irrigation scheduling. The tree response to this level of water stress (−2 MPa) could be different if the irrigation restriction was performed later in the season, or if no rehydration was considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of Yield Reduction after Controlled Water Stress during Prehaverst Period in Table OliveTrees

et al. 2020

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“…Connor (2005) suggested that olive genotypes use avoidance (i.e., low leaf conductance, low leaf area, low xylem hydraulic conductivity and large roots) and tolerance mechanisms (i.e., high turgor through cell osmotic adjustments, small cell size, and changes in cell-wall elasticity) under drought. Midday stem water potential ( stem ) is considered a very sensitive parameter of plant water status for irrigation management (Moriana and Fereres, 2002;Fernández et al, 2006;Moriana et al, 2012, Marino et al, 2018. However, stem is mostly measured by the Scholander pressure chamber, which does not allow for continuous monitoring and automated irrigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cultivar-Sensitive Approach for the Continuous Monitoring of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Tree Water Status by Fruit and Leaf Sensing

et al. 2020

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Sustainable irrigation is crucial to reduce water use and management costs in modern orchard systems. Continuous plant-based sensing is an innovative approach for the continuous monitoring of plant water status. Olive (Olea europaea L.) genotypes can respond to drought using different leaf and fruit physiological and morphological mechanisms. This study aimed to identify whether fruit and leaf water dynamics of two different olive cultivars were differently affected by water deficit and their response to changes of midday stem water potential (stem), the most common indicator of plant water status. Plant water status indicators such as leaf stomatal conductance (g s) and stem were measured in the Sicilian olive cultivars Nocellara del Belice (NB) and Olivo di Mandanici (MN), in stage II and III of fruit development. Fruit gauges and leaf patch clamp pressure probes were mounted on trees and their raw data were converted in relative rates of fruit diameter change (RR fruit) and leaf pressure change (RR leaf), sensitive indicators of tissue water exchanges. The analysis of diel, diurnal and nocturnal fluctuations of RR fruit and RR leaf highlighted differences, often opposite, between the two cultivars under water deficit. A combination of statistical parameters extrapolated from RR fruit and RR leaf diurnal and nocturnal curves were successfully used to obtain significant multiple linear models for the estimation of midday stem. Fruit and leaf water exchanges suggest that olive cultivar can either privilege fruit or leaf water status, with MN likely preserving leaf water status and NB increasing fruit tissue elasticity under severe water deficit. The results highlight the advantages of the integration of fruit and leaf water dynamics to estimate plant water status and the need for genotype-specific models in olive.

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“…In the present study, the tolerant cultivar Umsila showed less use of TUE than the susceptible cultivar Zabad (Figure 3). TUE of the photosynthesis procedure is an indicator of efficient photosynthesis machinery [49,50]. Besides, Qy was less reduced in Umsila than in Zabad.…”

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confidence: 98%

Comparative Water Relations of Two Contrasting Date Palm Genotypes under Salinity

Kharusi

Sunkar

Al-Yahyai

et al. 2019

International Journal of Agronomy

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Salinity is a global agricultural problem, resulting in a significant reduction in the plantation areas and the crop yields, especially in arid and semiarid regions. The date palm is relatively salt-tolerant plant species, although the nature of salt tolerance is poorly understood. In this study, the salt stress responses of a salt-tolerant “Umsila” was compared with salt-susceptible “Zabad” date palm cultivars. Various physiological parameters, plant-water relations, and anatomical characteristics were analyzed. The results revealed that although salinity has negatively affected both cultivars, Umsila exhibited more stable photosynthesis than Zabad as reflected by the quantum yield (Qy) and the stomatal conductance (GS). Similarly, Umsila showed a more dynamic root system and efficient water relations than Zabad as demonstrated by the leaf water potential (LWP) and relative water content (RWC) during salinity. Umsila also accumulated greater abundances of soluble sugars, potassium (K+), calcium (Ca+2), proline, glycine betaine, and lignin and formed extra layers of Casparian strips in the root tissues when the seedlings were grown under saline conditions. Together, the results obtained from this study have offered some insights into the salt tolerance mechanisms in the date palm.

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Gas Exchanges and Stem Water Potential Define Stress Thresholds for Efficient Irrigation Management in Olive (Olea europea L.)

Cited by 34 publications

References 46 publications

Absence of Yield Reduction after Controlled Water Stress during Prehaverst Period in Table OliveTrees

Absence of Yield Reduction after Controlled Water Stress during Prehaverst Period in Table OliveTrees

A Cultivar-Sensitive Approach for the Continuous Monitoring of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Tree Water Status by Fruit and Leaf Sensing

Comparative Water Relations of Two Contrasting Date Palm Genotypes under Salinity

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