Gas exchange and leaf specific mass of different foliar cohorts of the wintergreen shrub Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) stuntz (Eleocarpaceae) fifteen days before the flowering and the fall of the old cohort

Prado, C. H. B. A.; Damascos, María A.

doi:10.1590/s1516-89132001000300009

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, some mobile nutrient concentration increases in new leaves after defoliation (P in AW, and Mg in SD plants), indicating that old leaves actually work as a sink of these nutrients before senescence. These old leaves cohorts show significant photosynthetic activity until 15 days before the flowering and their fall in early spring (Prado and Damascos 2001). This photosynthetic activity probably requires some nutrients as P and Mg, both of them directly related to photochemical and biochemical photosynthesis reactions (Salisbury and Ross 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…since the end of summer). In addition, the old leaves cohort of the wintergreen species have probed to be photosynthetically active during late autumn days with moderate temperature (Kriebitzsch 1992;Minoletti and Boerner 1993;Landha¨usser et al 1997), or during early spring days when new leaves had not emerged (Tissue et al 1995) or when they were not yet totally expanded (Prado and Damascos 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shoot lengthening and flowering would be affected by defoliation independently of the old leaves elimination time because these leaves will be absent on plants during the beginning of the growing season, when A. chilensis old leaf cohort continues to show significant photosynthetic activity (Prado and Damascos 2001). Due to the high demand of energy and material by the flowering process (Snow and Whigham 1989), we expected that A. chilensis flowering shoots would grow lesser than the non-flowering shoots in early spring under old leaves defoliation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consequences of the Elimination of Old Leaves upon Spring Phenological Events and the New Leaves Nutrient Concentration in a Wintergreen Woody Species in the Southern Hemisphere

et al. 2005

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Previous studies analyzed the importance of old leaves conservancy for wintergreen species plant growth only after early spring old leaves elimination. However, carbon and nutrient resources for growth could have already been translocated from old leaves to shoots during autumn. In this work, the effect of old leaves absence on the leaf mass per area (LMA, g m À2 ) and nutrient concentration of new spring leaves, shoot growth, and flowering was studied in Aristotelia chilensis, an Andean Patagonic woody wintergreen species of Argentina. Plants were studied after autumn defoliation (AD) or late winter defoliation (WD) and results were compared to those of undamaged control plants (CO). The new leaves LMA and mineral nutrient (N, P, K, and Mg) concentration values did not decrease in AD or WD compared to CO plants. Conversely, CO plants showed higher flowering intensity and shoot lengthening compared to AD or WD plants. There were not remarkable differences regarding the defoliation time, though non-flowering shoots grew in a lesser degree than the flowering shoots in WD plants. It was concluded that A. chilensis old leaves cohort is an important source to shoot growth and flowering but their absence does not affect the new leaves structure or nutritional status from early spring in either AD or in WD plants. New leaves formation probably is guaranteed by resources (carbon and nutrients) previously stored in stems or even in the buds containing the preformed leaves since March, by the end of summer. Provided the availability of complete resources for the new leaf flush independently of the old leaves A. chilensis would restore the carbon balance as soon as possible to resume the growth of heterotrophic tissues at normal rates. Endogenous response to counterbalance the old leaves absence on non-flowering shoots was more effective when there was greater lag time between defoliation and shoot growth resume. Flowering and non-flowering shoots compete for the available resources when A. chilensis have not yet expanded leaves and shoots supporting reproductive structures were stronger sinks compared to non-flowering shoots in WD plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consequences of the Elimination of Old Leaves upon Spring Phenological Events and the New Leaves Nutrient Concentration in a Wintergreen Woody Species in the Southern Hemisphere

et al. 2005

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“…다 [13]. 마키베리 나무는 주로 야생에서 볼 수 있기에 그 열매 는 채집의 형태로 수확되는 것으로 알려져 있었으나 과실의 효 능이 알려지면서 최근 세계인에게 관심을 받게 되어 재배지가 증가하고 있는 추세이다 [14,15].…”

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Potential uses of Aristotelia chilensis extracts as novel cosmetic materials

Kim

Park

2019

JABC

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The present study aims to investigate the potential applications of Aristotelia chilensis (A. chilensis) extracts as novel cosmetic materials. The total extracts of A. chilensis were partitioned into chloroform (CHCl 3 ), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and distilled water (DW) fractions. A. chilensis extracts exhibited no cytotoxicity toward HaCaT human keratinocyte and B16F10 mouse melanoma cell lines. CHCl 3 , EtOAc, and DW extracts reduced oxidative stress, and EtOAc extract was superior to glutathione, a natural human antioxidant positive control. The extracts of A. chilensis reduced melanin synthesis in cells treated with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. The extracts of A. chilensis exhibited antibacterial effects toward Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). In particular, the EtOAc extract was effective in terms of antibacterial activity against S. aureus. In the present study, we identified several potential applications of A. chilensis extracts in terms of novel antioxidant and whitening cosmetic materials as well as antibacterial preservatives.

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“…Wintergreen species tend to be shade tolerant (Decocq and Hermy, 2003) and therefore slow at photosynthesis (Brach et al, 1993;Landhäusser et al, 1997), but they do extend their duration of photosynthesis by photosynthesizing in the spring (Kriebitzsch, 1992;Minoletti and Boerner, 1993;Landhäusser et al, 1997;Tessier, 2001;Prado and Damascos, 2001). Therefore, it is likely that wintergreen species make use of old leaves for their ability to provide carbon and therefore energy to the plant during the early growing season when canopy tree leaves have not yet expanded.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Old fronds serve as a vernal carbon source in the wintergreen fern Dryopteris intermedia (Aspleniaceae)

Tessier

Bornn

2007

American J of Botany

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Maintaining green leaves beyond the growing season has been hypothesized to benefit plants by supplying either a nutrient or a carbon source. Understanding such ecophysiological aspects of plants will help us to appreciate how a species functions in its environment and predict how it might be affected by future changes in that environment. The wintergreen fern species Dryopteris intermedia does not retranslocate nitrogen and phosphorus from old fronds in spring, but photosynthesis does take place in the old fronds during this season. To determine if carbon fixed in the old fronds is translocated to other parts of the plant, we labeled old fronds with (13)C via photosynthetic uptake and examined old fronds, new fronds, fine roots, and rhizomes for (13)C content 1 day and 1 month after labeling the old fronds. Vernally fixed carbon was translocated to the new fronds but not significantly to the below ground tissues. Old fronds in this species, therefore, serve as a carbon source for vernal growth of new fronds. This is the first study in which a fern was labeled with (13)C to track vernally fixed carbon from old fronds to the rest of the plant in a wintergreen species. Future research should examine the precise timing of this carbon movement and examine other species for a similar or contrasting strategy.

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Gas exchange and leaf specific mass of different foliar cohorts of the wintergreen shrub Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) stuntz (Eleocarpaceae) fifteen days before the flowering and the fall of the old cohort

Abstract: In the beginning of the spring

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Consequences of the Elimination of Old Leaves upon Spring Phenological Events and the New Leaves Nutrient Concentration in a Wintergreen Woody Species in the Southern Hemisphere

Consequences of the Elimination of Old Leaves upon Spring Phenological Events and the New Leaves Nutrient Concentration in a Wintergreen Woody Species in the Southern Hemisphere

Potential uses of Aristotelia chilensis extracts as novel cosmetic materials

Old fronds serve as a vernal carbon source in the wintergreen fern Dryopteris intermedia (Aspleniaceae)

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