Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of ethyl acetate root bark extract of Strychnos innocua (Delile)

Abstract

Background Majority of phytochemicals have been known to bear valuable therapeutic activities such as insecticidal, antibacterial, antifungal, anticonstipative, spasmolytic, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities. Strychnos innocua is straight-stemmed tree belonging to the family Loganiaceae and can grow up to 18 m tall. The plant is used for various pharmacological purposes. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract of root bark of S. innocua using GC–MS analysis. The root bark was collected, air-dried and then crushed to powder. Standard extraction method (maceration) was used to obtain the ethyl acetate extract. The GC–MS was carried out on the extract using GC 7890B, MSD 5977A, Agilent Tech. Results Thirty-seven compounds were identified among which dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate showed the highest peak area (31.03%) and monomethyl pimelate showed the lowest peak area (0.39%). The major compounds identified were cyclooctane (methoxymethoxy), 2,4-dimethylheptanedioic acid dimethyl ester, azelaic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, butyl 8-methylnonyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, 9,15-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, cis-vaccenic acid, linoleic acid ethyl ester and ethyl oleate. Conclusions In conclusion, these phytoconstituents might be responsible for the medicinal efficacy of the root bark of S. innocua and can be used as a source therapeutic drug.

Toxicity of Bioactive Compounds of Strychnos pseudoquina (Loganiaceae) in Spodoptera frugiperda (Noctuidae)

“…The polarity of the solvent used for drag secondary metabolites is an important factor [30,38,39]. This was important mainly for the maize leaves, as the different concentrations of the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf extracts resulted in significantly different larval mortality levels compared to the hexane fraction (Figure 4E,F).…”

Isolation, characterization, and docking studies of campesterol and β-sitosterol from Strychnos innocua (Delile) root bark

“…The root bark of S. innocua was dried in the shade, then crushed to a fine powder. According to a prior report, 11 the powder (i.e., crushed sample, 2 kg) was subjected to extraction with the maceration method with solvents n -hexane (HEX), ethyl acetate (EA), and methanol, with increasing polarity.…”

“…The chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities of S. innocua root bark extracts have been investigated. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 However, research on the isolation of phytosterols from S. innocua root bark is lacking. Herein, the phytosterols campesterol ( 1 ) ( Figure 2 ) and β-sitosterol ( 2 ) ( Figure 3 ) were isolated from the root bark of S. innocua , characterized, and docked to assess their antibacterial activity.…”

Exploring the broad-spectrum pharmacological activity of two less studied Australian native fruits: chemical characterisation using LCMS-driven metabolomics

“…73 Azelaic acid is widely reported for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. [73][74][75][76] Additionally, research has been conducted widely on the cosmeceutical applications of azelaic acid. 77,78 The third identified class was the alkaloids, where we reported eight tentatively annotated alkaloids in the native currant extracts, including five phenylethylamines (PEA) or "pseudo alkaloids" (homoveratrylamine 24, N-acetyltyramine 26, hordenine 33, N-methyltyramine 36, and phenethylamine 42).…”

“…Previous research has extensively underlined on the role played by cinnamic acid derivatives in treating cancer, diabetes, bacterial infections, and neurological disorders. [88][89][90] Of all the tentatively identified metabolites, NC-Et was enriched with 21 compounds (90,37,83,72,71,101,98,102,103,100,104,35,38,94,95,69,65,64,55,96,76), whereas NC-W was enriched with 15 compounds (7,17,99,5,88,22,40,24,10,63,68,4,11,20,26) depending on their polarities.…”