Gas chromatography and isotope ratio mass spectrometry of Pinot Noir wine volatile compounds (δ13C) and solid residues (δ13C, δ15N) for the reassessment of vineyard water-status

Spangenberg, Jorge E.; Vogiatzaki, Maria; Zufferey, Vivian

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.038

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, differences in leaf and fruit isotope signatures were observed (results not presented) under conditions of water stress (Bchir et al, 2016): the δ 13 C in leaves reflects not only the leaf ratio of Ci/Ca and the WUE of the current growing season but also the C assimilated in the previous year and its allocation during spring growth. There is generally an enrichment of 13 C in berries compared to leaves due to the import of carbon assimilates from the leaves after the onset of ripening, when water stress is high (stomata closed), thus supplying carbon assimilates enriched in 13 C. Lastly, a recent study (Spangenberg et al, 2017) showed that the analysis of carbon isotopes, undertaken in the solid residues and volatile organic components of wine, constitutes a very effective tool for estimating variations in the water status of plants and soils in different vineyards.…”

Section: Physiologicalbehavior Inresponsetoprogressivewaterdeficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: The aim of this research was to study the physiological and agronomical behaviors (leaf gas exchange, plant vigor, mineral supply, and yield components) of the Chasselas grapevine subjected to different water regimes during the growing season. The resulting grape and wine qualities were also determined.Methods and results: Adult vines of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chasselas (clone 14/33-4, grafted onto 5BB) were subjected to different water regimes (various levels of irrigation) during the growing season. Physiological indicators were used to monitor the plant water status [the predawn leaf (. Leaf photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), vulnerability to cavitation, yield parameters, berry composition at harvest, and organoleptic quality of wines were analyzed over a period of eight consecutive years between 2009 and 2016, under the relatively dry conditions of the Canton of Wallis, Switzerland.In non-irrigated vines, the progressively increasing water deficit observed over the season reduced the leaf gas exchange (A and E) and gs. The intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi, A/gs) increased over the season and was greater in vines that had suffered water restriction than in irrigated vines. The rise in WUEi was correlated with an increase in d13C in the must sugars at harvest. Vulnerability to cavitation (embolism phenomenon) increased with increasing water deficit in the non-irrigated vines with covered soils. A decrease in plant vigor was observed in the vines that had been subjected to water restrictions over multiple years. Moderate water stress during fruit ripening was favorable for sugar accumulation in berries and lowered the contents of total and malic acidity in the musts and the content of available nitrogen (YAN). Overall, the organoleptic characteristics and quality of Chasselas wines were little influenced by the vine water regimes, with the exception of the hot, dry season in 2009 (and, to a lesser degree, in 2011). In those years, the quality of the wines from the irrigated vines, which had not suffered any water stress, received a better appreciation. Bitterness was generally greater in samples from the non-irrigated vineyards that had suffered from drought than in samples from the irrigated vines. No significant differences in the aroma and wine structure were measured during the study period, regardless of the vine irrigation status.Conclusions: The physiological behavior (gas exchange, plant vigor, and mineral supplies) and grape ripening in Chasselas vines were largely dependent on the water supply conditions in the vineyard during the growing season.Significance and impact of the study: Vine water status is a key factor in leaf gas exchange, canopy water use efficiency, berry composition and, lastly, wine quality.

show abstract

Section: Physiologicalbehavior Inresponsetoprogressivewaterdeficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This result is probably associated with a lower discrimination with regard to 13 C and to enrichment of 13 C in musts, which correlates with an increase in WUE i . There is generally an enrichment of 13 C in berries compared to leaves due to the import of carbon assimilates from the leaves after the onset of ripening, when water stress is high (stomata closed), thus supplying carbon assimilates enriched in 13 C. Lastly, recent studies (Spangenberg et al, 2017, Spangenberg andSpangenberg and Zufferey, 2019) have shown that the analysis of carbon isotopes, undertaken in the solid residues and volatile organic components of wine, constitutes a very effective tool for estimating variations in the water status of plants and soils in different vineyards.…”

Section: Water and Gas Exchange Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of vine water regime on the leaf gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Arvine grapes in Switzerland

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: The aim of the present study was to analyse the impact of different water regimes on the physiological and agronomical behavior of an aromatic white grapevine (cv. Arvine) by means of various levels of irrigation. The consequences of the plant water status were evaluated by carrying out a chemical (aromatic precursors) and sensorial analysis of the resulting wines.Methods and results: Adult vines of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Arvine grafted onto 5BB were subjected to different water regimes (various levels of irrigation) during the growing season. Physiological indicators were used to monitor the plant water status [pre-dawn leaf (ΨPD) and stem (ΨSTEM) water potentials and carbon isotope composition (d13C) in the must]. Gas exchange (net photosynthesis AN and transpiration E), stomatal conductance (gs), yield parameters, berry composition at harvest, analysis of potential grape aromatic properties (glycosyl-glucose G-G, precursor 3-mercaptohexanol P 3-MH) and the sensorial quality of wines were analysed over a period of 8 consecutive years (2009-2016) in the Agroscope experimental vineyard in Leytron under the relatively dry conditions of the Rhône valley in Wallis, Switzerland.In the non-irrigated vines, the progressively increasing water deficit observed over the season reduced the leaf gas exchange (AN and E) and gs. The intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi, A/gs) increased over the season and was greater in the vines that had suffered water restriction than in the irrigated vines. The rise in WUEi was correlated with an increase in d13C in the must sugars at harvest. A decrease in plant vigor was observed in the water stressed vines over multiple years. Moderate to high water stress during fruit ripening lowered the contents of total and malic acidity in the musts and the content of yeast available nitrogen (YAN). On the other hand, contents in sugar and the aromatic precursor (P-3MH) in berries were not influenced by the vine water status. The G-G values for berries increased with rising water stress in the non-irrigated vines. The wines from the plants subjected to water stress and to yeast available nitrogen deficiency (non-irrigated vines during hot and dry seasons) had a less distinctive typicity, and developed a lower aromatic expression with a more bitter taste, than the wines from the non-stressed plants. Overall, and compared with the stressed vines, the organoleptic characteristics and quality of Arvine wines from vines which had not undergone restrictions in water and nitrogen during the growing season were appreciated more.Conclusions: The vine’s physiological behavior (leaf gas exchange, plant vigor) and agronomic parameters (yield, berry composition), together with the quality of white aromatic Arvine wines, were strongly influenced by vine water regimes during the growing season.Significance and impact of the study: Vine water status and must nitrogen contents are key factors in grape composition and in the sensorial quality of resulting aromatic white wines.

show abstract

“…HS-SPME-GC-C-IRMS has been used in all four fruit authenticity studies after 2010, proving its suitability as a tool for authenticity verification [ 7 , 15 , 16 , 32 ]. Besides fruits, the method has been successfully applied for determining the authenticity of other aromas such as vanilla [ 31 , 33 , 34 ], citrus essential oils [ 15 , 35 ], wine [ 36 , 37 , 38 ], and truffle oil [ 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of IsoVoc Database for the Authentication of Natural Flavours

Strojnik

Hladnik

Weber

et al. 2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flavour is an important quality trait of food and beverages. As the demand for natural aromas increases and the cost of raw materials go up, so does the potential for economically motivated adulteration. In this study, gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS) analysis of volatile fruit compounds, sampled using headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME), is used as a tool to differentiate between synthetic and naturally produced volatile aroma compounds (VOCs). The result is an extensive stable isotope database (IsoVoc—Isotope Volatile organic compounds) consisting of 39 authentic flavour compounds with well-defined origin: apple (148), strawberry (33), raspberry (12), pear (9), blueberry (7), and sour cherry (4) samples. Synthetically derived VOCs (48) were also characterised. Comparing isotope ratios of volatile compounds between distillates and fresh apples and strawberries proved the suitability of using fresh samples to create a database covering the natural variability in δ13C values and range of VOCs. In total, 25 aroma compounds were identified and used to test 33 flavoured commercial products to evaluate the usefulness of the IsoVoc database for fruit flavour authenticity studies. The results revealed the possible falsification for several fruit aroma compounds.

show abstract

Gas chromatography and isotope ratio mass spectrometry of Pinot Noir wine volatile compounds (δ13C) and solid residues (δ13C, δ15N) for the reassessment of vineyard water-status

Cited by 17 publications

References 57 publications

The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland

The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland

The influence of vine water regime on the leaf gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Arvine grapes in Switzerland

Construction of IsoVoc Database for the Authentication of Natural Flavours

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About