Gas Chromatographic System for Precise, Rapid Analysis of Nitrous Oxide

Mosier, A. R.; Mack, Laura

doi:10.2136/sssaj1980.03615995004400050048x

Cited by 188 publications

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“…Analysis of N 2 O was conducted by procedures described by Mosier and Mack (1980). Gas samples were introduced into a 5.0 cm 3 sample loop and brought to ambient pressure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term tillage and crop residue management in the subarctic: fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide

Cochran¹,

Sparrow²,

Schlentner³

et al. 1997

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Long-term tillage and crop residue management in the subarctic: fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide. Can. J. Soil Sci. 77: 565-570. Methane and nitrous oxide are important radiatively active gases that are influenced by agricultural practices. This study assesses long-term tillage, crop residue management, and N fertilization rates on the flux of these two gases at a high latitude site representing the northern fringe of large-scale agriculture. Cumulative methane uptake for the summer was higher from no-tillage plots than tilled plots. This was associated with lower soil water contents with tillage. Thus, the reduction in CH 4 uptake was attributed to water stress on methane oxidizers. At planting, soil water contents were near field capacity, and the no-till plots had the lowest uptake which was attributed to restricted diffusion of methane to active sites. A similar pattern of methane uptake to soil water content was found with the residue management treatments. Removing the straw lowered the soil water content and for most of the season methane uptake was also lower than where the straw had been left on the plots. Nitrogen fertilizer rate had little effect on methane uptake over the summer, but high N rates lowered consumption during the time of active nitrification early in the season. This corresponded to the time of maximum efflux of nitrous oxide. Nitrous oxide efflux was greatest at the high N rate where straw was retained on the plots. L'absorption cumulative de méthane durant l'été était plus abondante à partir des parcelles en régime de culture sans travail du sol que dans celles travaillées selon les méthodes classiques. Cette plus forte absorption était associée à l'abaissement de la teneur en eau du sol par les façons culturales répétées. Ainsi la moins forte absorption de CH 4 en régime de travail classique était attribuée au stress hydrique exercé sur les oxydants du méthane. Aux semailles, époque où la teneur en eau du sol est presque à la capacité au champ, ce sont les parcelles conduites en culture sans labour qui manifestaient la plus faible absorption, ce qui s'expliquait par une diffusion réduite du méthane vers les sites d'activité. Un rapport similaire de l'absorption du méthane avec la teneur en eau du sol était observé dans les traitements de gestion des restes de culture. L'enlèvement de la paille provoquait l'abaissement de la teneur en eau du sol, et pour la plus grande partie de la saison, l'absorption du méthane était elle aussi plus faible que là où la paille était laissée sur place. La dose de fumure N n'avait que peu d'effet sur l'absorption du méthane pour la totalité de l'été, mais la dose supérieure causait une réduction de la consommation de méthane dans la phase de nitrification active du début de la saison de végétation, qui coïncidait avec celle d'efflux maximum d'oxyde nitreux. L'efflux de N 2 O était particulièrement abondant à la dose supérieure de fumure N lorsque la paille était laissée sur place.

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“…Analysis of N 2 O was conducted by procedures described by Mosier and Mack (1980). Gas samples were introduced into a 5.0 cm 3 sample loop and brought to ambient pressure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term tillage and crop residue management in the subarctic: fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide

Cochran¹,

Sparrow²,

Schlentner³

et al. 1997

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The concentration of N 2 O was determined using a 5870 series-II Hewlett-Packard gas chromatograph equipped with a Tracor electron capture linearizer (column type -capillary glass column; length -72 mm; oven temperature -70°C; detector temperature -400°C) which operated a Tracor 63 Ni electron-capture detector (Hewlett-Packard Company, Route 41, P.O. Box 900, Avondale, PA 19311-09900, USA) in the constant current pulsed mode (Mosier and Mack 1980). Incubation jars were opened, soil cores weighed, and bulk density and moisture content determined, only in 1991.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal denitrification rates under corn (Zea mays L.) in two Quebec soils

Liang¹,

MacKenzie²

1997

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Nitrogen losses in soil through denitrification are important due to reduced agronomic effectiveness and environmental concerns with nitrous oxide emissions. Knowledge of denitrification may allow for management procedures to reduce these losses. Field experiments were conducted in 1991 and 1992 to investigate N fertilizer effects on denitrification under corn (Zea mays L.) on two soils of contrasting texture in southwestern Quebec. Soil core incubation with C2H2 was used to assess denitrification rates. Total calculated denitrification rate from April to November in 1991 and 1992 varied from 4 to 41 kg N ha−1 on a Chicot sandy clay loam and from 29 to 53 kg N ha−1 on a Ste. Rosalie clay. Denitrification rates increased linearly with increasing fertilizer N rates only in the Ste. Rosalie clay in 1991. Denitrification in the Ste. Rosalie soil was positively related to temperature and NO3− levels in April and May, moisture content from August to November, and temperature in October and November. Denitrification in the Chicot soil was positively related to soil moisture content and NO3− levels in April and May, and soil moisture content in June. Reducing soil NO3− concentrations in April and May could decrease denitrification rate in both Chicot and Ste. Rosalie soils. Key words: Denitrification, fertilizer N, temperature, moisture content

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“…A preliminary study indicated that the increases in gas concentrations within the chamber headspace were generally linear over a sampling period of up to 4 hours. Therefore, the fluxes were calculated (Mosier & Mack, 1980) using linear regression and the ideal gas law from equation (1):…”

Section: Gas Sampling and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of water table level and soil properties on emissions of greenhouse gases from cultivated peat soil

Berglund

2011

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

137

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A lysimeter method using undisturbed soil columns was used to investigate the effect of water table depth and soil properties on soil organic matter decomposition and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from cultivated peat soils. The study was carried out using cultivated organic soils from two locations in Sweden: Örke, a typical cultivated fen peat with low pH and high organic matter content and Majnegården, a more uncommon fen peat type with high pH and low organic matter content. Even though carbon and nitrogen contents differ greatly between the sites, carbon and nitrogen density are quite similar. A drilling method with minimal soil disturbance was used to collect 12 undisturbed soil monoliths (50 cm high, ⌀29.5 cm) per site. They were sown with ryegrass (Lolium perenne) after the original vegetation was removed. The lysimeter design allowed the introduction of water at depth so as to maintain a constant water table at either 40 cm or 80 cm below the soil surface. CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from the lysimeters were measured weekly and complemented with incubation experiments with small undisturbed soil cores subjected to different tensions (5, 40, 80 and 600 cm water column). CO 2 emissions were greater from the treatment with the high water table level (40 cm) compared with the low level (80 cm). N 2 O emissions peaked in springtime and CH 4 emissions were very low or negative. Estimated GHG emissions during one year were between 2.70 and 3.55 kg CO 2 equivalents m -2 . The results from the incubation experiment were in agreement with emissions results from the lysimeter experiments. We attribute the observed differences in GHG emissions between the soils to the contrasting dry matter liability and soil physical properties. The properties of the different soil layers will determine the effect of water table regulation. Lowering the water table without exposing new layers with easily decomposable material would have a limited effect on emission rates.

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Gas Chromatographic System for Precise, Rapid Analysis of Nitrous Oxide

Cited by 188 publications

References 0 publications

Long-term tillage and crop residue management in the subarctic: fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide

Long-term tillage and crop residue management in the subarctic: fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide

Seasonal denitrification rates under corn (Zea mays L.) in two Quebec soils

Influence of water table level and soil properties on emissions of greenhouse gases from cultivated peat soil

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