Gas chromatographic determination of beryllium in biological materials and in air

Abstract

The gas chromatographic determination of ultratrace quantities of beryllium in urine, blood, tissue, and air-borne dust is described. Except for air-borne dust, the procedure involves a doiible extraction, first with acetylacetone in benzene and then with a benzene solution of trifluoroacetylacetone. Beryllium in air-borne dust is extracted only by trifluoroacetylacetone in benzene. Levels as low as 1 X 10"10 gram (0.0001 µg.) of beryllium per sample can be determined by this method. Except for Fe3+ and Al3+, none of the ions usually present in air-borne dust or biological material interferes with the analysis. Fe3+ is removed in a magnetic mercury cathode. Al3+ can be precipitated with 8-quinolinol in chloroform. Recovery of beryllium ranged from 70 to 90% at levels from 1 X 10-9 gram (0.001 µg.) to 1 X 10~7 gram (0.10 µg.) per sample. The method is reliable, as shown by the results of analysis of air-borne dust and lung tissues. Beryllium has been determined in air-borne dusts and biological materials using colorimetric, fluorometric, or spectrographic methods (Cholak, 1959; Smythe and

Microdetermination of chromium in biological materials by gas chromatography

“…organic compounds. Gas chromatographic detection of metal 0-diketonates has been adapted to a number of specific quantitative analytical methods (3,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Preliminary reports (18,19) from the authors' laboratory outlined a procedure for the gas chromatographic determination of chromium in serum.…”

Analysis of petroleum for trace metals. Determination of trace quantities of beryllium in petroleum and petroleum products by heated vaporization atomic absorption

“…Chemiluminescent and bioluminescent methods offer certain advantages for chemical analysis (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Hercules, Seitz, and coworkers, combining enzyme-induced reactions with the sensitive luminol chemiluminescence (CL)-system and performing analyses in a flow system have developed new CL techniques (1,4,(8)(9)(10).…”

“…For stationary sources, no more than 10 g Be/24 hours may be emitted and the ambient levels in air may not exceed 0.01 ,ug Be/m3 (2) . The concern with these emissions into the atmosphere (3)(4)(5) has prompted a study of beryllium in petroleum. Although studies of beryllium levels in coal have been reported (6), few references have appeared for beryllium in petroleum (7,8).…”

Gas chromatography

“…Traces of aluminum as small as 0.1 ppm in uranyl nitrate solutions were determined following extraction as the trifluoroacetylacetonate with benzene (224). The GC determinations of beryllium in biological materials has been reported (500) and the limit of detection given by Ross and Sievers (570) as 4 X 10-1S gram using an electron-capture detector. Other volatile metal chelates studied during this biennium include the benzoyltrifluoroace- tenates and the thenoyltrifluoroacetonates of copper, aluminum, gallium, chromium, and iron (88); the tris(2,2,6,-6,-tetramethylheptanedionato) chelate of ytterbium (III) (225); the chloro-ophenylenediamine chelates of selenium (486); and the bis(trifluoroacetylpivaloylmethano) chelates of copper (657) and the tripositive rare earths (656).…”