Gary Huffnagle: rewriting the rules on the lung microbiome

Holmes, David S.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61382-9

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In the last 2-3 years, the importance of the effect of the commensal microbiome on the development on the immune system has been realised (55)(56)(57). Not only does the microbiome influence the immune system at the local site, it may influence it at a distant site, for example the effect of the gut microbiome on the lung immunity (58). It is time to challenge the concept of autoimmunity, not only in psoriasis, any disease with immune system involvement is called autoimmune (59).…”

Section: Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Psoriasis is not an autoimmune disease?

Fry

Baker²,

Powles

et al. 2014

Experimental Dermatology

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The concept that psoriasis is an autoimmune disease needs to be questioned. The autoimmune label has been based on molecular mimicry between streptococcal and keratin proteins and the existence of homologous peptides between these proteins. However, it is only peripheral blood CD8, and not CD4, T lymphocytes that respond to the homologous peptides. This ignores the fact that it is CD4 T cells which are necessary to initiate psoriasis. Recent studies on skin bacterial microbiota have found a variety of bacteria in both normal skin and psoriatic lesions. In biopsy specimens, the most common phylum was Firmicutes and the most common genus streptococcus in both psoriasis and normal skin. The innate immune system is activated in psoriasis, and recent genetic findings have shown the majority of susceptibility loci are associated with innate immunity. There is a known clinical relationship between both Crohn's disease (CD) and periodontitis, and psoriasis, and patients with psoriasis share mutations in some innate immunity genes with individuals with CD. It is now accepted that CD is due to a breakdown of immune tolerance (dysbiosis) to bacteria in the intestine. These findings suggest that psoriasis is initiated by an abnormal response to bacteria in the skin due to genetic factors.

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Section: Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Psoriasis is not an autoimmune disease?

Fry

Baker²,

Powles

et al. 2014

Experimental Dermatology

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“…lung immunity can be influenced by skin inflammatory events as driven by resident microbiota. 82 This may serve as an introduction to the next paragraph on gut-lung dialogue.…”

Section: Contiguous Pathology (Affecting Functionally Related Systems...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut and the inflammatory bowel diseases inside-out: extra-intestinal manifestations

Ribaldone

Pellicano

Actis

2020

Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol

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An increasing deal of attention is being conveyed on the extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We compiled the present review in an attempt to upgrade the accuracy of the classification of such polymorphic entities. We focused on three patterns. First, the conventional extra-intestinal manifestations localized to bone and joints, to the eye, to the biliary tree and to the skin. Second, the so-called IBD-like syndromes accompanied by bone marrow-derived anomalies of innate or acquired immunity. Third, specific disorders of the skin and of the lungs. The extra-intestinal manifestations are thought to derive from an altered gut permeability, the release of cross-reacting antigens, and subsequent peripheral inflammation; T helper 17 cells boosted by a polymorphic interleukin 23 circuitry would be the main effectors of this chain. Inflammatory bowel disease-like pictures would derive from inborn errors of the immune response causing undue inflammation home to the gut. Monogenic IBD belong to this subset, and are of specific pediatric interest. Psoriasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and IBD are all inflammatory disorders of the barrier organs: skin, lungs, and gut. The demonstration that specific antigen hyper-or hyporesponsiveness raised at any of the three districts can modulate the response of the other two sites, has led to the innovative concept of a system-wide mucosal immunological organ. An improved knowledge of these entities has not only a speculative importance, but can also bear a clinical impact, insofar as the extra-intestinal manifestations prove often more disabling than the underlying IBD itself.

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Microbiome of chronic plaque psoriasis

Fry

2016

The Human Microbiota and Chronic Disease

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Gary Huffnagle: rewriting the rules on the lung microbiome

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Psoriasis is not an autoimmune disease?

Psoriasis is not an autoimmune disease?

The gut and the inflammatory bowel diseases inside-out: extra-intestinal manifestations

Microbiome of chronic plaque psoriasis

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