Garlic (Allium sativum) Fresh Juice Induces Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Involvement of Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2

Farhadi, Farrokh; Jahanpour, Salar; Hazem, Kameliya; Aghbali, Amirala; Baradran, Behzad; Pakdel, Seyyed Mahdi Vahid

doi:10.15171/joddd.2015.047

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Increased activity of active Caspase 3 (Casp3) is correlated with apoptotic cells [ 53 ]. Allium species can induce apoptosis due to their organosulfur compounds, which increase Bax/Bcl-2 ration and enhance Casp3 activity [ 54 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Effects of Allium fistulosum L. and Allium sativum L. Extracts on Human Normal and Tumor Cell Lines: A Comparative Study

et al. 2021

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Allium sativum L. (garlic bulbs) and Allium fistulosum L. (Welsh onion leaves) showed quantitative differences of identified compounds: allicin and alliin (380 µg/mL and 1410 µg/mL in garlic; 20 µg/mL and 145 µg/mL in Welsh onion), and the phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, gentisic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, kaempferol, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, quercetin, and rutin). The chemical composition determined the inhibitory activity of Allium extracts in a dose-dependent manner, on human normal cells (BJ-IC50 0.8841% garlic/0.2433% Welsh onion and HaCaT-IC50 1.086% garlic/0.6197% Welsh onion) and tumor cells (DLD-1-IC50 5.482%/2.124%; MDA-MB-231-IC50 6.375%/2.464%; MCF-7-IC50 6.131%/3.353%; and SK-MES-1-IC50 4.651%/5.819%). At high concentrations, the cytotoxic activity of each extract, on normal cells, was confirmed by: the 50% of the growth inhibition concentration (IC50) value, the cell death induced by necrosis, and biochemical determination of LDH, catalase, and Caspase-3. The four tumor cell lines treated with high concentrations (10%, 5%, 2.5%, and 1.25%) of garlic extract showed different sensibility, appreciated on the base of IC50 value for the most sensitive cell line (SK-MES-1), and the less sensitive (MDA-MB-231) cell line. The high concentrations of Welsh onion extract (5%, 2.5%, and 1.25%) induced pH changes in the culture medium and SK-MES-1 being the less sensitive cell line.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Effects of Allium fistulosum L. and Allium sativum L. Extracts on Human Normal and Tumor Cell Lines: A Comparative Study

et al. 2021

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“…The pro-apoptotic protein bax binds to the bcl-2 protein on the mitochondrial membrane, forming a bax-bcl-2 dimer and inhibiting the anti-apoptotic effect of bcl-2 [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Studies have shown that p53 is a negative regulator of the cell growth cycle, with low expression in normal cells and high expression when cells are subjected to stress stimuli such as DNA repair and apoptosis [ 21 , 22 ]. p53 is involved in the apoptosis of hair follicles during anagenesis [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camellia Seed Cake Extract Supports Hair Growth by Abrogating the Effect of Dihydrotestosterone in Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells

Ma¹,

Shen

Fang

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Autocrine and paracrine factors play key roles in the process of Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), which are secreted by balding dermal papilla cells (DPCs) after dihydrotestosterone (DHT) induction. Camellia seed cake is an oriental oil extraction byproduct, and its extract has been traditionally used to wash hair in China. This study elucidated the hair growth-promoting effects of Camellia seed cake extract (CSCE) in DHT-treated cultured DPCs and its underlying mechanisms. The effect of CSCE on cell viability and release of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1α was performed on human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) incubated with DHT. Relative expression of bax, bcl-2, p53, androgen receptor (AR) and 5α- reductase type II (SRD5A2) was determined by PCR. Senescence-associated was examined by β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) assays. CSCE restored DHT-induced cell damage in a dose-dependent manner, and effectively reduced the production of IL-6 and IL-1α in DHT-treated DPCs. CSCE exhibited an anti-apoptotic effect, which increased the expression of bcl-2, and decreased the expressions of bax and p53 in DHT-incubated DPCs. CSCE also showed an anti-androgenic effect reversing the increase in AR and SRD5A2 expressions in DPCs driven by DHT incubation. In addition, CSCE inhibited the β-galactosidase enzyme activity and slowed down the cell senescence of DPCs which is crucial for AGA progression. In this study, we found that CSCE may have the potential to prevent and alleviate AGA by abrogating the effect of DHT in cultured DPCs.

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“…This in turn increases the caspase cascade in the EAC cells, especially caspase -3 which is known as death protein. Ahmed & El Menoufy [45] and Farhadi et al [6], approved these mechanisms in executing tumor cells in vitro in human colon cancer cells and in human oral squamous cell carcinoma respectively. Also, our data are in accordance with Jin et al [46] who denoted a significant apoptotic effect on colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo which was accompanied with the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 signaling pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extract was defatted with petroleum ether (40-60ºC), then the residue (480 gm) was slurred with water, mixed with a small amount of polyamide and subjected to a polyamide column chromatography (CC). Six main fractions (F1-F6) were collected, dried and subjected to repeated purification on columns using Sephadex LH-20 to give the isolated compounds (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Identification of the isolated compounds was carried out through R f values, color reactions, chemical investigations (complete and mild acid hydrolysis), physical investigations (UV, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, ESI-MS, EI/MS) and by comparing the spectral data with those previously published [14,15].…”

Section: Extraction and Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apoptosis is defined as a mechanism that occurs spontaneously in humans and animals to control the populations of tissue cells. The human body is programmed to remove undesirable cells or damaged cells from the tissues during their growth and metabolic process by apoptosis [6]. Defects in the cell apoptotic mechanisms can lead to many diseases such as cancer disease [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secondary metabolites and Biological activities of Allium porrum L. attack Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice

Elhagrasi

Mahmoud

Foda³

et al. 2019

Egypt. J. Chem.

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A LLIUM vegetables have been recorded to be used in many medical remedies for protection and fighting diseases. The aim of the study is to investigate the phenolic compounds of methanol extract of Allium porrum L. aerial parts (MEAP) and introduce the methanolic extract as a candidate for the treatment of cancer in vivo as well as explore its antitumor mechanisms in attacking tumor cells at the molecular level. Isolation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds by column chromatography has been carried out. They were purified by Sephadex LH-20, and the structures were established with the aid of spectroscopic methods (UV, EI/MS, ESI/MS, 1 H-NMR, and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy). A total of 45 female Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups. One group represents the normal control. The four remaining groups were divided as follows: two groups were injected with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells intraperitoneally and the other two were injected intramuscularly (to form solid tumor), representing the positive nontreated groups. One group from each model was administrated orally the extract at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight 3 days weekly for 21 days after 24 h from the intraperitoneal or intramuscular injection of EAC cells. The influence of the extract on the apoptotic proteins were tested in EAC cells and in solid tumor of the treated groups compared with the nontreated ones. Eleven phenolic and flavonoid compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of methanol extract of A. porrum L., and characterized as follows: quercetin-3acid, and gallic acid. The gene expressions of caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl2 proteins and DNA fragmentation test were performed in the EAC cells. Hematological profile was conducted on mice's blood in addition to the Immuno-histochemical determination of P53 protein in solid tumors. MEAP has abundant phenolic compounds. It exhibits tumor suppressing mechanisms through the coordination between the apoptic proteins and DNA fragmentation in the EAC or solid cancer cells. MEAP is suggested to be a potent anticancer agent.

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Garlic (Allium sativum) Fresh Juice Induces Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Involvement of Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Effects of Allium fistulosum L. and Allium sativum L. Extracts on Human Normal and Tumor Cell Lines: A Comparative Study

Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Effects of Allium fistulosum L. and Allium sativum L. Extracts on Human Normal and Tumor Cell Lines: A Comparative Study

Camellia Seed Cake Extract Supports Hair Growth by Abrogating the Effect of Dihydrotestosterone in Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells

Secondary metabolites and Biological activities of Allium porrum L. attack Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice

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