Garcinia brasiliensis: insights into reproductive phenology and sexual system in a Neotropical environment

Leal, Daniel; Benevides, Cristine Rodrigues; Silva, R. C. P.; Santiago-Fernandes, Lygia Dolores Ribeiro de; Sá-Haiad, Bárbara de; Lima, Heloísa Alves de

doi:10.1007/s00606-013-0833-7

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This idea is consistent with a previous report on the pollination biology of G. celebica, which found that both male and female flowers are commonly visited by Trigona, a group of social bees abundant in the tropical forests of south east Asia (Richards 1990a). Not only Garcinia species from South East Asia but also a species from the Amazon and Atlantic rainforests, G. brasiliensis, appears to be pollinated by Trigona (Trigona spinipes) (Leal et al 2013). The sculptured pollen surface was hypothesized to promote the adherence of pollen grains to pollinator's body (Sannier et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Male functionality inGarcinia celebicaL., a candidate ancestor species of mangosteen (G. mangostanaL.)

Sutthinon

Samuels

Meesawat

2018

Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is widely cultivated for its prized fruit, but its origins are unclear as this crop has not been found in the wild. Seashore mangosteen (Garcinia celebica L.) has been proposed as a candidate ancestral species for the mangosteen male parent in a hypothesized hybridization event, yet the functionality of the male organs in perfect flowers of G. celebica has not been characterized. The objective of this study was to describe pollen development in G. celebica using light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Male gametophyte development led to viable pollen at anthesis. The tapetum was of the secretory type, and it started to degrade following meiosis II, which corresponded to the complete encasement of a callose wall around the microspore tetrad. Pollen viability, demonstrated with 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) assays, was 68%. An in-vitro pollen germination assay was developed, and the rate of germination was remarkably similar to the viability (68%). Male functionality was clearly confirmed by both the high rate of pollen viability and germination. The occurrence of stigmatic exudates on pistillode and its pollen features are consistent with biotic pollination. The perfect flower of G. celebica is thus a functional male flower.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Male functionality inGarcinia celebicaL., a candidate ancestor species of mangosteen (G. mangostanaL.)

Sutthinon

Samuels

Meesawat

2018

Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If not possible, we demonstrate that fruit storage at around 25 °C is a simple, low-cost method for efficiently storing seeds of G. brasiliensis for at least 150 days. This simple yet functional method to preserve seed water content and hence viability for longer periods is likely similar to what happens in nature, where seeds remain inside the fruits until fruits are partially damaged or they partially decompose and where fruits are maintained under naturally warm temperatures and elevated humidity (Zamith and Scarano, 2004;Leal et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Garcinia brasiliensis Mart. (Clusiaceae), commonly-known in Brazil as bacupari, is an evergreen tree species occurring in the Amazon and Atlantic forests of Brazil (Leal et al, 2013), species-rich biomes endangered due to deforestation (Myers et al, 2000). Most plants of G. brasiliensis grow wild and semi-wild in forests, constituting an important source of valuable pharmaceutical compounds to local populations in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum conditions for seed propagation of Garcinia brasiliensis: mimicking natural habitats allows better results

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Garcinia brasiliensis is a tropical tree species of economic importance to local populations in the Amazon and Atlantic forests. The plant propagation of this species occurs mostly through seeds and despite that very little information about seedling emergence and growth is currently available. Here we assessed basic information on the seed and seedling ecophysiology of G. brasiliensis aiming at providing key details for seed propagation. Seeds are large and contain high levels of water when recently collected (c. 50%). Seed storage, especially under low temperature, resulted in very low seedling emergence. Fruit storage at c. 25 °C, on the other hand, was demonstrated to be the best option for maintaining seed viability in the short term. Removal of the seed coat considerably hastened and increased the percentage emergence of seedlings, despite the light condition. Similarly, a higher percentage and index of seedling emergence was observed under 35 °C over 25 °C, despite the substrate. Amongst all the substrates tested, sand resulted in lower seedling emergence. Cultivating seedlings in vermiculate and at 25 °C provided the best condition for root and shoot growth. Ideal conditions of light and temperature for seedling emergence and development mirror the environmental conditions under which plants of G. brasiliensis establish in nature.

show abstract

“…Garcinia is reported to show high diversity of sexual systems including dioecious (Sweeny 2008), gynodioecious (Pangsuban et al 2007), androdioecious (Berg 1979, George et al 1992, monoecious and andromonoecious (Leal et al 2013) species. Richards (1990aRichards ( , b, 1997 has suggested the occurrence of apomixis in pantropical species of Garcinia especially in Asian Garcinia mangostana L. in which males were not found (Richards 1990b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sexual system of Garcinia indica Choisy: geographic variation in trioecy and sexual dimorphism in floral traits

Sebastian

Murthy

2014

Plant Syst Evol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most flowering plants are hermaphroditic with both stamens and carpels in the same flower. Other sexual systems are derived from ancestral hermaphroditism through one of the following pathways namely via monoecy, directly from hermaprhoditism, via gynodioecy, via distyly or via androdioecy. Sexual system in the genus Garcinia is highly diverse and includes dioecious, gynodioecious, androdioecious, polygamodioecious, monoecious and andromonoecious species. Garcinia indica Choisy (kokum tree) is reported to be polygamodioecious or gynodioecious. In the present study, sexual variation was estimated in seven populations of Garcinia indica of Western Ghats to determine the extent of variation among the populations and 14 floral traits were studied to assess the sexual dimorphism in floral traits. Four basic kinds of flowers namely, male flowers, male flowers with pistillode, female flowers with staminodes and bisexual flowers, were found in G. indica. These basic kinds of flowers occurred individually on a particular tree, producing unisexual individuals, or in combination of two, forming cosexual individuals. Thus, this species is trioecious, although the percentage of cosexual trees varied in different geographical locations. All the populations included cosexuals except one whereas pure hermaphroditic trees were present only in one. Significant differences were observed in 11 out of the 14 floral traits studied in the seven populations resulting in the diversity of sex forms. Male flowers had larger petal and female flowers were in general smaller than the other kinds. Interestingly, bisexual flowers were not always intermediate in size between male and female flowers.

show abstract

Garcinia brasiliensis: insights into reproductive phenology and sexual system in a Neotropical environment

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Male functionality inGarcinia celebicaL., a candidate ancestor species of mangosteen (G. mangostanaL.)

Male functionality inGarcinia celebicaL., a candidate ancestor species of mangosteen (G. mangostanaL.)

Optimum conditions for seed propagation of Garcinia brasiliensis: mimicking natural habitats allows better results

Sexual system of Garcinia indica Choisy: geographic variation in trioecy and sexual dimorphism in floral traits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About