Ganoderma lucidum inhibits tumour cell proliferation and induces tumour cell death

Xie, Yizhen; Li, Sen-Zhu; Yee, Albert; Pierre, David P. La; Deng, Zhaoqun; Lee, Daniel Y.; Wu, Qingping; Chen, Qi; Li, Chong; Zhi, Zhang; Guo, Jun; Jiang, Zide; Yang, Burton B.

doi:10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.10.051

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Furthermore, a glycoproteic fraction from Ganoderma lucidum has been shown to activate several proteins such as Erk, Jnk y p38 when added to macrophages (Hsu et al, 2004). Moreover, a polysaccharide fraction from Ganoderma lucidum inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells reducing the expression of Erk (Xie et al, 2006). NB4 cells treated with the methanolic E3 fraction suffer a reduction in Erk and pErk2 (Fig.…”

Section: Expression Of Apoptosis Proteins In Human Leukemia Nb4 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Ganoderma lucidum induced apoptosis in NB4 human leukemia cells: Involvement of Akt and Erk

Calviño

Manjón

Sancho

et al. 2010

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Section: Expression Of Apoptosis Proteins In Human Leukemia Nb4 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Ganoderma lucidum induced apoptosis in NB4 human leukemia cells: Involvement of Akt and Erk

Calviño

Manjón

Sancho

et al. 2010

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…3,4) The lipid content in the spore of G. lucidumis is reported to be approximately 36%, 15) therefore it might be possible that the free fatty acids used in this study are also extracted with the hydrophilic substances such as polysaccharides. Therefore, we conclude that fatty acids including 19-carbon fatty acids in the spore of G. lucidumis could be components that contribute to its anti-tumor effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major bioactive components in G. lucidum are reported to be polysaccharide [1][2][3] and gonoderic acid. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Involvement of Long Chain Fatty Acids in the Spores of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> (Reishi Houshi) to Its Anti-tumor Activity

Fukuzawa

Yamaguchi

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et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum Reishi), a traditional Chinese medical fungus, has been used as a health-promoting supplement due to its anti-tumor and immuno-modulating effects. The major bioactive components in G. lucidum are reported to be polysaccharide [1][2][3] and gonoderic acid. 4)Traditionally, the fruiting body has been the only part of G. lucidum that is used for medical purposes. Recently, Sliva et al. have reported the extract of G. lucidum using boiling water suppresses the mobility of breast and prostate cancers by inhibiting nuclear factor (NF)-kB. 5,6) As G. lucidum is available as a dietary supplement in various forms (mushroom powder, purified whole spores, broken spores, or mixtures), they compared their biological activity on cell migration and inhibition of NF-kB in human cancer cells and concluded the spores also show strong activity against human cancer cell.6) The possible role of mushrooms to prevent cancer has been summarized in several reviews. 7,8) Cancer inhibition by mushrooms or mushrooms polysaccharides was generally achieved through activating the immune response of the host rather than by directly inhibiting tumor cell growth. However, in medical mushroom research, polysaccharide and polysaccharide-peptides are known active anticancer compounds isolated from medicinal mushrooms such as maitake (Grifola frondosa), shiitake (Lentinula edodes), turkey tail (Coriolus versicolor) and reishi (G. lucidum). 9,10)The polysaccharides and polysaccharide-peptides are generally thought to exert their anti-tumor effects via a systemic effect on immunity. There is an evidence that the glucanprotein complex induces biological responses by binding to membrane compartment receptor three (CR3, or CD11b/CD18) on immune effectors cells such as macrophages.11) Furthermore, recent research has demonstrated that some of these mushroom-derived materials can produce direct cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. 12,13) A purified fraction by HPLC from the spores of G. lucidum guided by the inhibitory activity on HL-60 cell proliferation showed biological activity contains a mixture of long chain fatty acids with molecular weights in the range of m/z 250.0 to m/z 296.4, although as yet these could not be unambiguously authenticated. Therefore, in this study, using several authentic fatty acids predicted from our analytical data, we have compared the effect of the spore extract of G. lucidum with those of several authentic fatty acids on the inhibitory activity of HL-60 cell proliferation and the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a mouse macrophage preparation. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe spores (100 g) of G. lucidum, cultured at the area of Dabieshan, Anhui, China from October 2003 to July 2004 (Lot AFA), kindly supplied from Isukura Co., Ltd. (Tokyo) were dissolved in five volumes of 95% ethanol in a sealed bag, shaken gently at room temperature for 24 h and centrifuged at 10000ϫg for 20 min. The solution was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator. T...

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“…GLS is an herbal remedy containing multiple constituents, not all of which have been identified. However, the preparation is known to contain major bioactive components such as ergosterol, triterpenoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and polysaccharides, 12,[26][27][28] all of which are generally believed to be safe. Furthermore, in animal studies the LD50 of GLS has been shown to be more than 10.0 g/kg with no mutagenic or teratogenic action, which suggests that GLS is probably safe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganoderma lucidum Spore Induced CA72-4 Elevation in Gastrointestinal Cancer

et al. 2013

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Ganoderma lucidum spore (GLS), an over-the-counter herbal supplement, is widely used by cancer patients in China. Although preclinical studies have shown it to be safe, complete safety data on GLS is still lacking. In this article, we report 5 cases of gastrointestinal cancer that were treated with GLS plus multiple strategies between 2010 and 2011. These patients presented with increased levels of the serum tumor marker CA72-4, one of the most valuable markers for monitoring therapeutic response in patients receiving gastrointestinal cancer treatment, after oral ingestion of GLS twice a day for 1 or 2 months. Interestingly, CA72-4 rapidly returned to normal levels when the patients discontinued the supplement and no change in clinical symptoms accompanied the CA72-4 surge. Taking into consideration that the underlying mechanism of this reaction is obscure, we suggest that additional studies are urgently needed and GLS be used with caution in cancer patients.

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Ganoderma lucidum inhibits tumour cell proliferation and induces tumour cell death

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Ganoderma lucidum induced apoptosis in NB4 human leukemia cells: Involvement of Akt and Erk

Ganoderma lucidum induced apoptosis in NB4 human leukemia cells: Involvement of Akt and Erk

Possible Involvement of Long Chain Fatty Acids in the Spores of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> (Reishi Houshi) to Its Anti-tumor Activity

Ganoderma lucidum Spore Induced CA72-4 Elevation in Gastrointestinal Cancer

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