Ganoderic acids T, S and R, new triterpenoids from the cultured mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum.

Hirotani, Masao; Ino, Chieko; Furuya, Tsutomu; Shiro, Motoo

doi:10.1248/cpb.34.2282

Cited by 84 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Ganoderic acids R and S and ganosporeric acid A from G. lucidum show in vitro antihepatotoxic activity in the galactosamine-induced cytotoxic test with primary cultured rat hepatocytes (Hirotani et al, 1986;Chen & Yu, 1993). In vivo study of two fractions of total triterpenoids extract of G. lucidum (75% ethanol) protected mice against hepatic necrosis induced by chloroform and D-galactosamine.…”

Section: Mushrooms As Hepatoprotective Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gray MD-fraction, ergosterol (1) Antioxidant (Wang et al, 1995(Wang et al, & 1996, hypotensive, Hypoglycemic (Horio et al, 2001), Immunotherapy (Hazama et al, 1995), Antiinflammatory activity (Zhang et al, 2002) Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst Ganoderan A and B, glucans, Triterpenes (ganoderiol F (2), ganodermanontriol (3), ganoderic acids (4) A, B, D, F, G, H, Z), ganosporeric acid A, ganopoly, the polysaccharide-containing preparation Hypoglycemic (Hikino et al, 1985), antioxidant and antitumor (Thekkuttuparambil et al, 2007), antiviral (HIV-1) (El-Mekkawy et al, 1998), Antiallergic (Kohda et al, 1985;Tasaka et al, 1988), Anti-inflammatory (Koyama et al, 1997), antihepatotoxic (Hirotani et al, 1986;Chen & Yu, 1993, inhibit the biosynthesis of cholesterol (Komoda et al, 1989), antioxidative and free radical scavenging effects (Lin, 2004) Ganoderma pfeifferi Bres. Sesquiterpenoid hydroquinones, ganodermadiol (5), lucidadiol (6) and applanoxidic acid G (7)…”

Section: Flammulina Velutipes (Curtis) Singermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mushrooms as therapeutic agents

Rathee¹,

Rathee²,

Rathee³

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

122

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Abstract:Mushrooms have been known for their nutritional and culinary values and used as medicines and tonics by humans for ages. In modern terms, they can be considered as functional foods which can provide health benefits beyond the traditional nutrients. There are monographs that cover the medicinal and healing properties of some individual traditional mushrooms. There has been a recent upsurge of interest in mushrooms not only as a health food which is rich in protein but also as a source of biologically active compounds of medicinal value which include complementary medicine/dietary supplements for anticancer, antiviral, hepatoprotective, immunopotentiating and hypocholesterolemic agents. However the mechanisms of the various health benefits of mushrooms to humans still require intensive investigation, especially given the emergence of new evidence of their health benefits. In the present paper the medicinal potential of mushrooms is being discussed.

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Section: Mushrooms As Hepatoprotective Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flammulina Velutipes (Curtis) Singermentioning

confidence: 99%

Mushrooms as therapeutic agents

Rathee¹,

Rathee²,

Rathee³

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

122

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“…Ganodermenonol (26-hydroxy-5α-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3-one) G. lucidum (dried fruit bodies) [76] 165 Ganodermadiol (5α-lanosta-7,9(11),24-triene-3β, 26-diol) G. lucidum (dried fruit bodies) [76] 166 Ganodermatriol (5α-lanosta-7,9(11),24-triene-3β, 26,27-triol) G. lucidum (fruit bodies) [77] 167 Ganodermic acid S (lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3β, 15α-diacetoxy-26-oic acid) G. lucidum [78] 168 Carnosodione (26,27-dihydroxylanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3,16-dione) G. carnosum (fruit bodies) [79] 169 Canoderol B ((24E)-5α-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3,26-diol) G. lucidum [23] 170 Ganoderic acid Mk (3α, 22-diacetoxy-15α-hydroxy-5α-lanost-7,9(11),24E-trien-26-oic acid) G. lucidum (mycelia mat) [43] 171 Ganoderiol B (15α, 26,27-trihydroxy-5α-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3-one) G. lucidum (fruit bodies) [77] 172 Ganoderic acid T ((22S, 24E)-3α, 15α, 22-triacetoxy-5α-lanosta-7,9,(11),24-trien-26-oic acid) G. lucidum (cultured mycelia) [80] 173 Ganoderic acid S ((22S, 24E)-22-acetoxy-3α-hydroxy-5α-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid) G. lucidum (cultured mycelia) [23,80] 174 Ganoderic acid R ((22S, 24E)-3α, 22-diacetoxy-5α-lanosta-7,9,(11),24-trien-26-oic acid) G. lucidum (cultured mycelia) [80] 175 Ganorbiformin G G. orbiforme [46] 176 Lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3β, 15α, 22β-triacetoxy-26-oic acid G. lucidum [81] 177 Lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-15α-acetoxy-3α-hydroxy-23-oxo-26-oic acid G. lucidum [81] 178 Lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3α, l5α-diacetoxy-23-oxo-26-oic acid G. lucidum [81] 179 Lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3α, 15α-hydroxy-23-oxo-26-oic acid G. lucidum [81] 180 Lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3α-acetoxy-15α, 22β-dihydroxy-26-oic acid G. lucidum [81] 181 Ganodermic acid T-N (3β-hydroxy-15α-acetoxy-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid) G. lucidum (mycelia) [82] 182 Ganodermic acid T-O (3β-acetoxy-15α-hydroxy-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid) G. lucidum (mycelia) [82] 183 Ganodermic acid T-Q (3β-oxo-15α-acetoxy-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid) G. lucidum (mycelia) [82] 184 Compound 10 G. orbiforme [46] 185 Ganoderic acid P ((22S, 24E)-15α, 22-diacetoxy-3α-hydroxy-5α-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid)…”

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confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Structure Elucidation and Biological Activity of Triterpenoids from Ganoderma spp.

et al. 2014

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Ganoderma triterpenes (GTs) are the major secondary metabolites of Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional Chinese medicine, popularly used for complementary cancer therapy. GTs are lanostane-tetracyclic triterpenes. They have been reported to possess anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, antimicrobial and blood fat reducing effects. To date, 316 GTs have been found and their similar chemical structures have proved difficult to elucidate. This paper compiles 316 naturally occurring triterpenes from Ganoderma based on the literature published through January 2013 along with their structures, physiological activities and 13 C-NMR spectral data.

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“…[15][16][17] The tested extract inhibited the galactosamine-induced cytotoxicity using primary cultured rat hepatocytes. 15,16) In vivo study demonstrated that a total triterpenoids extract of G. lucidum could protect mice against hepatic necrosis induced by chloroform and D-galactosamine and these hepatoprotective effects may be related to the ability to promote the activity of scavenging enzymes, raising antioxidant defenses in treated animals. 17) Pisosterol, on the hand, presented an intrinsic hepatotoxicity, leading to hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes accompanied by microvesicular steatosis in some areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor Activity of Pisosterol in Mice Bearing with S180 Tumor

Montenegro

Farias

Pereira

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Triterpenes are products of secondary metabolism of different organisms, being very common in fungus species. One single fungus' specie can produce a high number of active compounds, with different pharmacological effects.1) Gamoderma lucidum, as an example, produces over 120 different triterpenes, and also other bioactive compounds.2) Several species has been studied for their biological activities, such as antiviral, anticomplement, antiatherogenic, antitumour and hepatoprotective activities. 1)Pisosterol (Fig. 1), a triterpene isolated from the ectomicorhizal Pisolithus tinctorius, has been reported to strongly inhibit tumor cells proliferation in vitro, while it had no antimitotic effect on sea urchin eggs.3) Classical cytotoxic drugs tested in the sea urchin eggs and cancer cells have shown to be active in both assays, although compounds may present a higher IC 50 value in the sea urchin eggs than in tumor cells, as observed for doxorubicin and etoposide. 4,5) The sea urchin eggs assay can detect cytotoxic agents such as DNA synthesis inhibitors, RNA synthesis inhibitors, microtubule assembly inhibitors, and protein synthesis inhibitors. 6)Thus, the absence of activity of pisosterol in this assay suggested a different mechanism of action. In fact, Montenegro et al. (2007) 7) demonstrated that the inhibition of leukemia (HL-60) cells proliferation is related to monocytic cell-like differentiation induction, followed by apoptosis. These findings may explain the selectivity of pisosterol to cancer cells, and reinforce the anticancer potential of this naturally occurring substance.In the present study, the in vivo antitumor activity of pisosterol was evaluated using sarcoma 180 transplanted in mice. Histopathological and morphological analyses of the tumor and organs, including liver, spleen and kidney were performed in order to evaluate the toxicological aspects of the pisosterol treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODSPisosterol Isolation Pisosterol, in its pure form, was isolated from the ectomicorhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius collected in a Eucalyptus plantation at Brejo, Maranhão, Northeast Brazil as described previously.3)The structure of pisosterol ( Melo, 1127, P.O. Box 3157, 60430-270 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil: b Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, Universidade Federal do Ceará; and c Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará; Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Received August 31, 2007; accepted December 5, 2007 It has been reported that pisosterol was active against cancer cells but lacked activity on the development of sea urchin eggs. Recently, it was reported that pisosterol induces differentiation in leukemia cell line. The present study evaluated the in vivo antitumor activity of pisosterol a triterpene isolated from Pisolithus tinctorius. Histopathological and morphological analyses of the tumor and the organs, including liver, spleen and kidney, were performed in order to evaluate toxicological aspects associated with pisosterol treatments. Antitumor activity of...

show abstract

Ganoderic acids T, S and R, new triterpenoids from the cultured mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum.

Cited by 84 publications

References 0 publications

Mushrooms as therapeutic agents

Mushrooms as therapeutic agents

A Comprehensive Review of the Structure Elucidation and Biological Activity of Triterpenoids from Ganoderma spp.

Antitumor Activity of Pisosterol in Mice Bearing with S180 Tumor

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