Gangrenous mastitis caused by Bacillus species in six goats

Mavangira, Vengai; Angelos, John A.; Samitz, Eileen M.; Rowe, Joan D; Byrne, Barbara A.

doi:10.2460/javma.242.6.836

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Bacillus spp. has also been identified as important pathogens in both CM and SCM in previous investigations [ 33 , 35 ]. Nonetheless, these results contradict other studies showing that mastitis caused by Bacillus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence and etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle in El Oro Province, Ecuador

Amer

Gálvez

Fukuda

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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This study described the occurrence of clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis in 250 cattle from 5 dairy farms around the cities of Santa Rosa and Machala, El Oro Province, Ecuador. Clinical mastitis (CM) was determined based on obvious changes in milk (mild), signs of inflammation in the udder (moderate), and/or generalized clinical symptoms (severe). Subclinical mastitis (SCM) was assessed using the California mastitis test. CM and SCM were detected in 30 (12.0%) and 150 (60%) of the 250 tested cattle, respectively. Prevalence at the udder quarter level was 57.7% (577/1,000), which was higher among forequarters (369/577; 63.9%) than hindquarters. Of the 577 mastitic milk samples subjected to microbiological analysis, 35 were excluded due to contamination and 20 tested negative. Identification of bacterial isolates revealed that 33.3% of the 93 CM samples contained coliforms, 25.8% coagulase-positive staphylococci, 20.4% coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), 9.7% streptococci, 7.5% Bacillus spp., and 3.2% Klebsiella spp. Bacterial profiling of the 429 SCM milk samples showed that 55.4% contained CNS, 22.1% Bacillus spp., 9.3% streptococci, and 6.1% coagulase-positive staphylococci. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of the obtained isolates indicated that all were susceptible to amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, gentamicin, and neomycin. No multidrug-resistant strains were observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence and etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle in El Oro Province, Ecuador

Amer

Gálvez

Fukuda

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Traditionally, Bacillus spp. has been thought to have a ubiquitous distribution in the environment and is often viewed as a contaminant of blood cultures from both humans and animals . Nevertheless, Bacillus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Bacteremia in Dairy Cattle with Acute Puerperal Metritis

Credille

Woolums

Giguère

et al. 2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundAcute puerperal metritis (APM) affects 30% of postpartum dairy cattle. Bacteremia negatively impacts survival in cattle with coliform mastitis. However, the prevalence of bacteremia in dairy cattle with APM is unknown.HypothesisBacteremia is detectable in a large proportion of cattle with APM.AnimalsSeventeen dairy cows with APM and 17 healthy dairy cattle.MethodsProspective case‐control study. Cases were identified by daily monitoring of cattle in the first 10 days after calving. Controls were matched to cases by parity and days in milk. Cows were examined at the time of identification of APM. A complete blood count, serum biochemical analysis, and bacteriologic culture of blood and lochial fluid were performed on each animal at the time of diagnosis. The same samples were collected from healthy herdmates of a similar parity and days in milk. Blood culture results and clinicopathologic variables were compared between groups. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with APM, whereas multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with bacteremia.ResultsBacteremia occurred in 53% (9/17) of cattle with APM and 53% (8/15) controls. Bacillus spp. was the organism most commonly isolated from the bloodstream in cattle of both groups. Bacteremic cattle in both groups were significantly less likely to have basophils in the peripheral circulation (P = .02) and more likely to have higher serum globulin concentrations (P = .02).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBacteremia is a common occurrence in postpartum dairy cattle. Further study is warranted to investigate the modes by which bacteria colonize the bloodstream in this population of animals and the importance of bacteremia on health and productivity of affected animals.

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“…was isolated from abscesses in several sheep and goats, but authors could not identify the isolates to the species level by phenotypic tests and sequence of 16s rRNA gene (Mariappan et al, 2012). Gangrenous mastitis in several goats was caused by Bacillus spp., one of the isolates was identified Bacillus cereus, but other isolates were not identified at the species level (Mavangira et al, 2013). Bacillus subtilis was isolated, together with Staphylococcus, from milk of goats with subclinical mastitis (Razi et al, 2012), but without evidence that Bacillus subtilis was the cause of mastitis.…”

Section: Update Of the Body Of Knowledge On Safety Concerns For Qps Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the maintenance of the list of QPS biological agents intentionally added to food and feed (2013 update)

Publication¹

2013

EFS2

171

122

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EFSA is requested to assess the safety of a broad range of biological agents in the context of notifications for market authorisation as sources of food and feed additives, enzymes and plant protection products. The qualified presumption of safety (QPS) assessment was developed to provide a harmonised generic pre-assessment to support safety risk assessments performed by EFSA's scientific Panels. The safety of unambiguously defined biological agents (at the highest taxonomic unit appropriate for the purpose for which an application is intended), and the completeness of the body of knowledge are assessed. Identified safety concerns for a taxonomic unit are, where possible and reasonable in number, reflected as 'qualifications' in connection with a recommendation for a QPS status. The list of QPS recommended biological agents is reviewed and updated periodically. Therefore, the only valid list is the one in the most recently published scientific opinion. The 2013 update reviews previously assessed microorganisms including bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi, oomycetes and viruses used for plant protection purposes. All taxonomic units previously recommended for the QPS list had their status reconfirmed. The new notifications since the last QPS update were reviewed. Gluconobacter oxydans and Alphaflexiviridae were assessed for the first time and were recommended for the QPS list. The information of the previous opinion was updated for the taxonomic units on the QPS list. Qualifications for the taxonomic units included in the QPS recommended list were reviewed and confirmed. Filamentous fungi and enterococci were not recommended for the QPS list following updating and reviewing of current scientific knowledge. SUMMARYThe European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) asked the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the maintenance of the list of QPS biological agents intentionally added to food or feed (2013 update). The question included four specific tasks in the terms of reference (ToR).The first required a preparation of an update of the list of biological agents for intentional use in feed and/or food, or as sources of food and feed additives or enzymes and as plant protection products for safety assessment as notified to EFSA Units and/or Scientific Panels such as Pesticides, the Panels on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) and Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO). The list was updated with the notifications received where applicable by EFSA Panels and Units since the last review.The second ToR was concerned with an annual review of the list of biological agents recommended for the QPS list. Where appropriate new taxonomic units should be assessed for their suitability for an inclusion in the QPS list, and taxonomic units previously assessed should be reviewed where new information has become available. The information provided in the previous opinion should be updated where appropriate. The BIOHAZ Panel confirmed all taxonomic units previously re...

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Gangrenous mastitis caused by Bacillus species in six goats

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence and etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle in El Oro Province, Ecuador

Prevalence and etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle in El Oro Province, Ecuador

Prevalence of Bacteremia in Dairy Cattle with Acute Puerperal Metritis

Scientific Opinion on the maintenance of the list of QPS biological agents intentionally added to food and feed (2013 update)

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