Gangrenous Cholecystitis Related to Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Karavias, Dimitrios; Kourea, Helen P.; Sotiriadi, Athanasia; Karnabatidis, Dimitrios; Karavias, Dionissios

doi:10.1007/s11605-015-2896-y

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…[ 21 – 23 ] Surgical resection remains to be the main treatment of liver hemangioma. [ 24 – 27 ] Although the safety of surgical treatment increased recently, the risk of severe complications could not be totally avoided. With the improvement of interventional radiology and superselective catheterization techniques, TAE has become another option for the treatment of liver hemangioma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term result of transcatheter arterial embolization for liver hemangioma

et al. 2017

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Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is a method for the treatment of liver hemangioma, but fewer studies reported the long-term result.Retrospective study was conducted to liver hemangioma patients who received TAE. The inclusion criteria included the following: the period of follow-up was more than 5 years; and patients were followed up for less than 5 years, but received surgical treatment due to the enlargement of tumor or severe complications of TAE. The collected data included sex, age, size of the tumor, times of TAE, complications, period of follow-up, long-term result, and whether or not surgery was finally performed.Fifty-five patients were included, and the average age was 43.1 ± 8.6 years. The average size of liver hemangioma was 9.0 ± 4.3 cm. Four patients (7.3%) had severe complications after TAE, including 2 cases of biloma which were cured by surgery. The tumor size was smaller or the same in 19 patients after 5 years follow-up, and the long-term effective rate was 35.8%. The size of tumor became larger in the other 34 patients (64.2%), and 29 patients (54.7%) received surgery finally. The long-term effective rate for patients with ≥10 cm tumor and <10 cm tumor were 12.5% and 45.9%, respectively, and the difference was significant (P = .019).The long-term result of TAE for liver hemangioma was not satisfying, and the treatment had the risk of severe complication. For patients with asymptomatic liver hemangioma, TAE should not be conducted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported in the treatment process of malignant liver tumors. [ 27 – 30 ] The possible reason was the necrosis of bile duct. Due to the benign nature of liver hemangioma, the safety of the treatment should be primarily considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term result of transcatheter arterial embolization for liver hemangioma

et al. 2017

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“…Though inadvertent reflux of the embolic material into the cystic artery after TACE has been reported43, super selective embolization technique has significantly reduce the risk of cholecystitis and the reported incidence is lower than 5%44. In most cases, management can be conservative, and cholecystectomy is not necessary44.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There seems to be a consensus among some surgeons that patients with HCC should simultaneously undergo cholecystectomy at the time of resection for HCC, not only because performing a subsequent cholecystectomy on a patient who has undergone prior hepatic surgery is technically difficult 42 , but also for fear of gangrenous cholecystitis after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. Though inadvertent reflux of the embolic material into the cystic artery after TACE has been reported 43 , super selective embolization technique has significantly reduce the risk of cholecystitis and the reported incidence is lower than 5% 44 . In most cases, management can be conservative, and cholecystectomy is not necessary 44 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholecystectomy is associated with higher risk of early recurrence and poorer survival after curative resection for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma

Wang

Zhi

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Although cholecystectomy has been reported to be associated with increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the association between cholecystectomy and prognosis of HCC patients underwent curative resection has never been examined. Through retrospective analysis of the data of 3933 patients underwent curative resection for HCC, we found that cholecystectomy was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients at early stage (BCLC stage 0/A) (p = 0.020, HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04–1.59), and the 1-, 3-, 5-year RFS rates for patients at early stage were significantly worse in cholecystectomy group than in non-cholecystectomy group (80.5%, 61.8%, 52.0% vs 88.2%, 68.8%, 56.8%, p = 0.033). The early recurrence rate of cholecystectomy group was significantly higher than that of non-cholecystectomy group for patients at early stage (59/47 vs 236/333, p = 0.007), but not for patients at advanced stage (BCLC stage C) (p = 0.194). Multivariate analyses showed that cholecystectomy was an independent risk factor for early recurrence (p = 0.005, HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.13–2.03) of early stage HCC, but not for late recurrence (p = 0.959). In conclusion, cholecystectomy is an independent predictor for early recurrence and is associated with poorer RFS of early stage HCC. Removal of normal gallbladder during HCC resection may be avoided for early stage patients.

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“…Cholecystitis is a rare complication of TAE of hemangiomas and if untreated, may lead to life threatening complications [10,11]. Although severe complications have been rarely mentioned in literature, TAE has been indiscriminately used as a non-operative treatment of hemangiomas with fewer complications than surgery [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and monitoring of postinterventional success and complications of the liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) – a case report after interventional treatment of a giant hemangioma

et al. 2018

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This case report relates the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the assessment and treatment of a postinterventional cholecystitis, a rare but important complication after transcatheter arterial embolization of a giant hemangioma. Regarding the imaging diagnosis, hemangiomas have specific features allowing a fast recognition by all radiological modalities,and in recent years, especially by CEUS.

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Gangrenous Cholecystitis Related to Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Long-term result of transcatheter arterial embolization for liver hemangioma

Long-term result of transcatheter arterial embolization for liver hemangioma

Cholecystectomy is associated with higher risk of early recurrence and poorer survival after curative resection for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma

Detection and monitoring of postinterventional success and complications of the liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) – a case report after interventional treatment of a giant hemangioma

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