Gangliosides and related substances of isolated cerebral tissues examined in relation to tissue excitability

Balakrishnan, S.; Wain, H McIL

doi:10.1042/bj0810072

Cited by 43 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Both substances failed to stimulate the ganglion or to modify ganglionic transmission; they also had no action on a neuromuscular junction, since they failed to modify the response of the frog rectus abdominis muscle to acetylcholine. On the other hand, the activity of ganglioside in brain slices (Balakrishnan & McIlwain, 1961) and on frog sciatic nerve (Trams & Spyropoulos, personal communication) demonstrates that ganglioside has an effect at certain sites of the nervous system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, brain ganglioside inhibits the viral hemagglutination reaction (Bogoch, 1957) and the neurotoxic effects of two types of influenza virus in mouse brain in vivo (Bogoch, Lynch & Levine, 1959); it binds tetanus toxin in vitro (van Heyningen, 1959a, b, c); it stimulates the isolated heart of Venus mercenaria as well as the isolated intestine of the rabbit (Vogt, 1960). Balakrishnan & McIlwain (1961) have also demonstrated that brain ganglioside is effective in restoring the ability of brain slices to respond to electrical impulses.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Some Pharmacological Properties of Brain Ganglioside

Bogoch

Paasonen

Trendelenburg

1962

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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The effects of a preparation of purified brain ganglioside and of neuraminic acid have been studied on various pharmacological test preparations. In concentrations of 10 μg/ml. or more, ganglioside stimulates the isolated guinea‐pig ileum; graded responses are usually obtained. Various substances, known to antagonize the actions of other stimulant substances, fail to affect the response to ganglioside. Ganglioside and neuraminic acid neither stimulate the superior cervical ganglion of the cat nor do they affect ganglionic transmission. Ganglioside and neuraminic acid did not change the response of the frog rectus abdominis muscle to acetylcholine, nor did they affect the blood pressure of the cat. Ganglioside (2 μg/ml. or more) stimulates the isolated heart of Venus mercenaria, but the response, which develops slowly, decreases with repeated administration of ganglioside. The response is not blocked by 2‐bromo‐lysergic acid diethylamide and there is no indication that it is due to the liberation of endogenous 5‐hydroxytryptamine or related indole compounds. For both the heart of Venus mercenaria and guinea‐pig ileum, the activity demonstrated by brain ganglioside is specifically a property of the whole molecule, since neither neuraminic acid itself nor a preparation of brain ganglioside from which only two‐thirds of its neuraminic acid had been removed are active.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Pharmacological Properties of Brain Ganglioside

Bogoch

Paasonen

Trendelenburg

1962

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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“…Ganglioside prepara tions from brain were the most potent in restoring the responsiveness to stimulation of brain slices which had been inactivated by standing in cold temperatures or by the addition of basic proteins. Upon incubation of the slices at 0° C or on treatment with protamine there was a loss of electrical excitability and a 20 per cent decrease of extractable ganglioside, but the lost ganglioside was not found in the me dium (133). On preparation of subcellular particles from guinea pig cerebral cortex it was found that the microsomal and post-microsomal fractions are the most active in binding histones (128).…”

Section: Slices Ions and Gangliosidesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neurochemistry

Roberts¹,

Baxter²

1963

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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“…Sialic acid containing glycolipids have been found in various tissues of the body. Normally in liver, spleen, and red cells, the dominant ganglioside type is Go (1, (8) and appear to play an important role in membrane transport phenomena (9).…”

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confidence: 99%