GaN Laser Diode Technology for Visible-Light Communications

Najda, Stephen P.; Perlin, P.; Suski, T.; Marona, Ł.; Leszczyński, M.; Wiśniewski, P.; Stanczyk, Szymon; Schiavon, Dario; Slight, Thomas J.; Watson, Malcolm; Gwyn, Steffan; Kelly, Anthony E.; Watson, Scott

doi:10.3390/electronics11091430

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The measured device parameters prove that within the proposed approach, it is possible to obtain comparable optoelectronic properties of nitride-based etched and cleaved laser diodes. This is the cornerstone for the fabrication of photonic integrated circuits for visible light communication [ 24 ], especially for underwater communication [ 25 ], using wavelength division multiplexing [ 26 ]. Light sources with true, single-mode emission use evanescent mode coupling to an external ring waveguide cavity [ 27 ], and there are also light sources for on-chip bio-lab for optogenetics applications [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

InGaN Laser Diodes with Etched Facets for Photonic Integrated Circuit Applications

et al. 2023

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The main objective of this work is to demonstrate and validate the feasibility of fabricating (Al, In) GaN laser diodes with etched facets. The facets are fabricated using a two-step dry and wet etching process: inductively coupled plasma—reactive ion etching in chlorine, followed by wet etching in tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). For the dry etching stage, an optimized procedure was used. For the wet etching step, the TMAH temperature was set to a constant value of 80 °C, and the only variable parameter was time. The time was divided into individual steps, each of 20 min. To validate the results, electro-optical parameters were measured after each step and compared with a cleaved reference, as well as with scanning electron microscope imaging of the front surface. It was determined that the optimal wet etching time was 40 min. For this time, the laser tested achieved a fully comparable threshold current (within 10%) with the cleaved reference. The described technology is an important step for the future manufacturing of photonic integrated circuits with laser diodes integrated on a chip and for ultra-short-cavity lasers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

InGaN Laser Diodes with Etched Facets for Photonic Integrated Circuit Applications

et al. 2023

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“…Moreover, unlike any other wireless communications technologies, the data broadcasting function is enabled without extra energy consumption for data carrier generation. So, VLC is developed based on the ubiquitous character and the fast-switching ability of solid-state lighting (SSL) sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. As well known, SSL light sources are extremely energy-efficient, benefit from an extended lifetime that can reach up to 50,000 h, and have switching times that tend to go down to ns values [ 6 , 7 ], enabling in turn very high data rates [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, VLC is developed based on the ubiquitous character and the fast-switching ability of solid-state lighting (SSL) sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. As well known, SSL light sources are extremely energy-efficient, benefit from an extended lifetime that can reach up to 50,000 h, and have switching times that tend to go down to ns values [ 6 , 7 ], enabling in turn very high data rates [ 8 ]. Thus, the VLC technology has the potential to transform any LED light source into a data broadcasting unit [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As well known, SSL light sources are extremely energy-efficient, benefit from an extended lifetime that can reach up to 50,000 h, and have switching times that tend to go down to ns values [ 6 , 7 ], enabling in turn very high data rates [ 8 ]. Thus, the VLC technology has the potential to transform any LED light source into a data broadcasting unit [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 ]. On the receiver side, VLC assumes the direct detection of the incident light with the help of fast response time optical detectors, usually positive intrinsic negative (PIN) photodiodes with nanoseconds response times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design, Implementation and Experimental Investigation of a Pedestrian Street Crossing Assistance System Based on Visible Light Communications

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Avatamanitei

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In urban areas, pedestrians are the road users category that is the most exposed to road accident fatalities. In this context, the present article proposes a totally new architecture, which aims to increase the safety of pedestrians on the crosswalk. The first component of the design is a pedestrian detection system, which identifies the user’s presence in the region of the crosswalk and determines the future street crossing action possibility or the presence of a pedestrian engaged in street crossing. The second component of the system is the visible light communications part, which is used to transmit this information toward the approaching vehicles. The proposed architecture has been implemented at a regular scale and experimentally evaluated in outdoor conditions. The experimental results showed a 100% overall pedestrian detection rate. On the other hand, the VLC system showed a communication distance between 5 and 40 m when using a standard LED light crosswalk sign as a VLC emitter, while maintaining a bit error ratio between 10−7 and 10−5. These results demonstrate the fact that the VLC technology is now able to be used in real applications, making the transition from a high potential technology to a confirmed technology. As far as we know, this is the first article presenting such a pedestrian street crossing assistance system.

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“…VLC provides simple, flexible, and cost-effective OWC transmission [ 4 ] and is an auspicious technology for sixth generation (6G) networks because of the broad unlicensed spectrum [ 2 ]. Currently, there is a push toward green sustainable communication sources, such as VLC based on light-emitting diodes (LED) [ 5 ], which can support both lighting and communication simultaneously [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. In other words, it modulates the intensity of light to transmit information at a very high rate [ 2 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Superimposed QD-Based Optical Antenna for VLC: White LED Source

2022

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Visible light communication (VLC) is a versatile enabling technology for following high-speed wireless communication because of its broad unlicensed spectrum. In this perspective, white light-emitting diodes (LED) provide both illumination and data transmission simultaneously. To accomplish a VLC system, receiver antennas play a crucial role in receiving light signals and guiding them toward a photodetector to be converted into electrical signals. This paper demonstrates an optical receiver antenna based on luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) technology to exceed the conservation of etendue and reach a high signal-to-noise ratio. This optical antenna is compatible with all colors of LEDs and achieves an optical efficiency of 3.75%, which is considerably higher than the similar reported antenna. This antenna is fast due to the small attached photodetector—small enough that it can be adapted for electronic devices—which does not need any tracking system. Moreover, numerical simulation is performed using a Monte Carlo ray-tracing model, and results are extracted in the spectral domain. Finally, the fate of each photon and the chromaticity diagram of the collected photons’ spectra are specified.

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GaN Laser Diode Technology for Visible-Light Communications

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

InGaN Laser Diodes with Etched Facets for Photonic Integrated Circuit Applications

InGaN Laser Diodes with Etched Facets for Photonic Integrated Circuit Applications

Design, Implementation and Experimental Investigation of a Pedestrian Street Crossing Assistance System Based on Visible Light Communications

A Superimposed QD-Based Optical Antenna for VLC: White LED Source

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