Gamma-ray shielding and structural properties of PbO–SiO2 glasses

Singh, Narinder; Kaundal, Rajinder Singh; Singh, K. J.

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2008.02.004

Cited by 213 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Various concretes such as ordinary concrete, barite concrete, ferrite concrete, hematite-serpentine concrete and basalt-magnetite concrete are used for shielding purposes [1,2]. But concrete as a shield against nuclear radiations has many drawbacks such as (1) not possible to see through concrete based shield designs (2) difficulty in transportation from one place to another place (3) crack exists after long time exposure to nuclear radiations (4) changes in water content due to evaporation of water at high gamma ray energies [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But concrete as a shield against nuclear radiations has many drawbacks such as (1) not possible to see through concrete based shield designs (2) difficulty in transportation from one place to another place (3) crack exists after long time exposure to nuclear radiations (4) changes in water content due to evaporation of water at high gamma ray energies [3]. Glasses containing heavy metal oxides such as PbO and Bi 2 O 3 can absorb gamma radiations to a large extent and are one of the possible alternates to concrete [1,2]. Due to toxic behavior of lead, authors have chosen bismuth oxide to prepare shielding material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gamma Ray Shielding and Structural Properties of Bi2O3-B2O3-Na2WO4 Glass System

Dogra¹,

Singh²,

Kaur³

et al. 2017

ujpa

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Gamma ray sources and radioactive materials in several sectors including nuclear power plants, nuclear reactors, nuclear medicine, agriculture and industry have harmful effects on humans and it is essential to provide shield against gamma radiations. Gamma radiations are highly penetrating electromagnetic radiations in the environment. The present work is aimed at exploring new glass composition for gamma ray shielding applications. Gamma ray shielding properties of the composition x Bi 2 O 3 -0.6 B 2 O 3 -(0.4 -x)Na 2 WO 4 .2H 2 O where x = 0.1 to 0.3 (in mole fraction) have been studied by calculating mass attenuation coefficients and half value layer parameters at photon energies 662, 1173 and 1332 keV using XCOM computer software developed by National Institute of Standards and Technology. Higher values of mass attenuation coefficients and lower values of HVL than barite concrete indicate the glass system as better gamma radiation shield. Density, molar volume, XRD and UV-Visible studies have been performed to study the structural properties of the prepared glass system. From the analysis of obtained results, it is reported that density of the prepared glass samples increases with the content of heavy metal oxide Bi 2 O 3 . XRD studies confirm the amorphous nature of the glass composition. It has been concluded that bismuth borate tungstate glasses are better shields for γ-radiations in comparison to the standard nuclear radiation shielding concretes and commercially available glasses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma Ray Shielding and Structural Properties of Bi2O3-B2O3-Na2WO4 Glass System

Dogra¹,

Singh²,

Kaur³

et al. 2017

ujpa

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“…Concrete is the most generally used shield material as it is low-cost and adjustable for any construction design (Singh et al, 2008;Ne ville, 1989). A lot of studies about neutron shielding by using concrete have been done until now (Jaeger et al, 1975,; Kaplan, 1989;Ibrahim andRashed, 1998, Akkurt et al, 2005;Kharita et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron shielding properties of concrete with boron and boron containing mineral

Orak¹,

Baysoy²

2013

A P J Eng Sci

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Concrete is a material which widely used as a neutron shielding and in building construction such as nuclear power stations, particle accelerators and medical hospitals. Concrete is very significant for neutron shielding, because of concrete is contain of some elements (hydrogen, iron etc.) to moderate the fast neutrons which are very penetrative. Boron increases the neutron shielding effectiveness of concretes, since the boron isotope 10 B has a high capture cross-section for thermal neutrons (over 3800 barns). Boron can be added to concrete different ways such as addition of boron to the water used in concrete or addition of boron containing natural minerals. Neutron shielding capabilities of the sample can be described by total neutron macroscopic cross-section ( t ). It is the sum of the cross-sections for all the neutron-interaction processes such as the elastic and inelastic scattering reactions and neutron capture reactions ((n,),(n,)). In this study, the effect of addition boron and colemanite on the total macroscopic cross section of Portland concrete was investigated. Colemanite is one of the most important boron minerals and Turkey has the largest colemanite reserves in the world. Its compact formula is Ca 2 B 6 O 11 •5(H 2 O). Also, colemanite can be used for shielding fast and thermal neutrons, since it includes both of hydrate and boron. In experiments, 241 Am-Be neutron source with 74 GBq activity were used in. Average neutron energy of this source is approximately 4.5 MeV. BF 3 detector with diameter 2.54 cm and length of 28 cm was used for counting neutrons. Also, Monte Carlo simulations were done for comparison of macroscopic cross section experimental results. Besides total macroscopic cross sections, absorbed doses and deposited energies by low energy neutron interactions were calculated using MCNP4C2 Monte Carlo code. The results have been compared with the standard shielding material of paraffin. Also, half-value layer (HVL) and tenthvalue layer (TVL) were calculated and compared.

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“…Silica (SiO 2 ) is one of the chief constituents of the earth's crust. The silicate glasses are the most commonly available commercial glasses owning to ease of fabrication and excellent transparency to visible light 2) . In addition, the very high viscosity allows the glass to be formed, cooled and annealed without crystallizing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive research in Bi-based and Ba-based glass systems for radiation shielding materials were recently published [2][3][4][5][6][7] . These results show that the Bi and Ba can be used in radiation shielding glass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Interaction of Bi2O3, PbO and BaO in Silicate Glass System at 662 keV for Development of Gamma-Rays Shielding Materials

Chanthima

Kaewkhao

Kedkaew

et al. 2011

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology

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The mass attenuation coefficients and partial interaction of xR m O n :(100-x)SiO 2 glass system (where R m O n are Bi 2 O 3 , PbO and BaO, with 30 x 70 % by weight) have been investigated at 662 keV on the basis of experiments and calculation. The theoretical values of total and partial interaction were obtained by the WinXCom software. The glass system was prepared by the melt-quenching method following the theoretically investigated compositions and its radiation shielding properties were measured. The experimental results showed good agreement with the theoretical ones. Total mass attenuation coefficients of glasses increased with the increases of Bi 2 O 3 and PbO component, because of the increase of photoelectric absorption. On the contrary, there was no significant change in mass attenuation coefficient when the fraction of BaO increased. These results indicated that photons were more attenuated in Bi 2 O 3 and PbO glasses than the BaO glass. The half value layer (HVL) and effective atomic number results indicate that Bi can replace Pb at this energy as a gamma-ray shielding material. For BaO, HVL was better than the ordinary concrete and commercial windows. This indicates that BaO glasses can be used to shield gamma-ray in replace of both of them in this energy. The Bi 2 O 3 and BaO glass will open new possibility for lead-free radiation protecting glasses with non-toxicity to our environment.

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Gamma-ray shielding and structural properties of PbO–SiO2 glasses

Cited by 213 publications

References 6 publications

Gamma Ray Shielding and Structural Properties of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub> Glass System

Gamma Ray Shielding and Structural Properties of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub> Glass System

Neutron shielding properties of concrete with boron and boron containing mineral

Study on Interaction of Bi2O3, PbO and BaO in Silicate Glass System at 662 keV for Development of Gamma-Rays Shielding Materials

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