Gamma-Ray Heating Measurements in Zero-Power Fast Reactors with Thermoluminescent Dosimeters

Verification and Validation Tests of the Gamma Library of the ARC Software Package (Rev.1)

“…For the type 1 TLD of complicated geometry with the presence of void inside, a Monte Carlo simulation could be performed for an accurate estimation of the cavity factor, but this is beyond the current work scope. In this study, the cavity factor of the type 1 TLD was calculated using the cavity factor of the type 2 TLD estimated by Simons and Yule [23]. By considering the fact that the type 1 TLD is much larger than the type 2 TLD, it is assumed that the cavity factor for the type 1 TLD would lie between the cavity factor in the large size limit and the cavity factor for the type 2 TLD as the small size limit.…”

Gamma Dose Measurements in ZPPR-15

“…The operation of a TLD is based on cavity ionization theory [3,4]. For gamma dose measurements in TLDs, one assumption of cavity ionization theory is that electron equilibrium is established.…”

“…TLDs are sensitive to both gammas and fast neutrons, so the dose measured by a TLD includes a contribution from fast neutrons [3,4,6]. Elastic scattering of fast neutrons in the TLD produces recoil nuclei, and slowing down of these recoil nuclei creates electron-hole pairs similar to those created by gamma interactions in the TLD.…”

Gamma heating measurements with proportional counters

“…Presently one method is readily available for resolution of radiation in a mixed field: calibrated proportional counters. Use of proportional counters to observe discrete signals allows for the rejection of fast pulse-rise events, which are characteristic of the nuclear recoils -produced by elastic neutron scatter [1][2][3]. Analysis software for neutron-induced signal rejection has been developed and tested.…”