Gamma-Radiation and Longevity of the Flour Beetle

Cork, J. M.

doi:10.2307/3570571

Cited by 79 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Despite the impressive and reproducible findings of Davey, it was not until 1957 when Cork reinvestigated this area, employing the identical experimental model but this time using a gamma ray source. Cork (1957) found a similar increase of lifespan at low doses in a well designed study, confirming the original observations.…”

Section: Are Preconditioning/postconditioning Responses Examples Of Hsupporting

confidence: 77%

Hormesis: why it is important to biogerontologists

2012

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This paper offers a broad assessment of the hormetic dose response and its relevance to biogerontology. The paper provides detailed background information on the historical foundations of hormesis, its quantitative features, mechanistic foundations, as well as how the hormesis concept could be further applied in the development of new therapeutic advances in the treatment of age-related diseases. The concept of hormesis has direct application to biogerontology not only affecting the quality of the aging process but also experimental attempts to extend longevity.

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Section: Are Preconditioning/postconditioning Responses Examples Of Hsupporting

confidence: 77%

Hormesis: why it is important to biogerontologists

2012

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“…Rogers & Hilchey (1960) noted that the survival time was the same for Tribolium castaneum receiving doses between 30 and 116 krad, but that when the doses were increased above 116 krad the survival time progressively decreased. A similar effect may be discerned on examination of the earlier graphs of surviving fraction v. time for T. confusum (Cork, 1957), and of more recent data on Tenebrio molitor L. (Menhinick & Crossley, 1968). Farkas (1966) noted that the lethal effect for T .…”

Section: Acute Lethality In Irradiated Insects ( I ) the Time-course supporting

confidence: 52%

Causes of Death in Irradiated Adult Insects

Ducoff¹

1972

Biological Reviews

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Summary 1. Irradiation of adult insects of many orders leads to their death. There is considerable evidence that such death occurs during a limited time period, both the beginning and duration of which are relatively independent of the dose over a wide range. This suggests the operation of a specific lethal syndrome. In other groups of insects, particularly Diptera and many moths, either the absence of somatic‐cell division or the short life of the imago prevents the development of this syndrome. These latter groups require much higher doses of radiation for the induction of demonstrable mortality, and the time‐course of mortality is closely related to the size of the dose. 2. Superficially, at least, radiation death of adult Diptera is comparable to that of supralethally irradiated insects of the taxa which exhibit the specific lethal syndrome after lower doses. There are some observations suggesting that the nervous system becomes involved after these high doses, just as there are for mammals exposed to high doses. 3. There is also some evidence, very convincing in itself, although available only from a small number of experiments, that the specific syndrome observed after lower lethal or mid‐lethal doses is a consequence of damage to the midgut, particularly to its regenerative cells. This clearly is analogous to the intestinal syndrome of mammals; as in the mammal, the processes which intervene between the cellular damage and the death of the organism remain in the realm of conjecture or controversy. This appears to be one of several areas in which more detailed investigation of the radiobiological phenomenon is certain to provide valuable information on normal physiological activities. 4. The response of insects differs greatly from that of mammals in that effects on disease‐resistance mechanisms, both cellular and humoral, are not prominent. The dose required for unequivocal demonstration of such effects may be greater than the dose required to produce lethality. If endogenous infection contributes to lethality after irradiation of otherwise healthy insects, there is, as yet, no convincing evidence for it. Nevertheless, radiation may provide a useful tool for probing the mechanisms of disease resistance of insects, and for examining the regulation and the kinetics of haemocyte formation. In addition, irradiated insects might be used to select virulent strains of potential insect pathogens. 5. Quantitative information on the response of insect cells, either in situ or in zlitro, is virtually non‐existent. Insect eggs have been used in a few investigations of cellular phenomena in radiation biology, but the only data applicable to dose‐response relationships are those of Murakami (1969, 1970), who has taken advantage of the synchronous division that occurs during the early embryonic development of Bombyx mori. The usefulness of insect cell‐cultures in delineating growth requirements and in propagating viruses has attracted far more attention than their potential for radiobiological investigations and other st...

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“…Similar observations on the lifeextending effects of gamma-rays and X-rays on flour beetles were later reported by other authors [54,55] . Other insects used for similar studies are the housefly, Musca domestica and the fruitfly, Drosophila.…”

Section: Radiation Hormesis In Insectssupporting

confidence: 76%

Hormetic Interventions in Aging

Rattan¹

2008

American J. of Pharmacology and Toxicology

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Single or multiple exposure to low doses of potentially harmful agents can have a variety of anti-aging and longevity-extending hormetic effects. These hormetic stressors include irradiation, physical activity, food limitation, heat, hypergravity, dietary components and reactive oxygen species. Molecular mechanisms facilitating the hormetic effects are being elucidated and comprise a cascade of stress response and maintenance and repair pathways. Although the extent of immediate hormetic effects after exposure to a particular stress may only be moderate, the chain of events following initial hormesis leads to biologically amplified effects that are much larger, synergistic and pleiotropic. A consequence of hormetic amplification is an increase in overall defence capacity of cells and organisms. Therefore, healthy aging may be achieved by hormesis through mild and periodic, but not severe or chronic, physical and mental challenges and by the use of dietary hormesis incorporating mild stress-inducing molecules called hormetins. However, prescribing a practical anti-aging hormetic regimen comprising physical, chemical, dietary and psychological stressors requires detailed information akin to that needed to develop personalized medicine.

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Gamma-Radiation and Longevity of the Flour Beetle

Cited by 79 publications

References 2 publications

Hormesis: why it is important to biogerontologists

Hormesis: why it is important to biogerontologists

Causes of Death in Irradiated Adult Insects

Hormetic Interventions in Aging

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