Gamma Oscillations Are Generated Locally in an Attention-Related Midbrain Network

Goddard, C. Alex; Sridharan, Devarajan; Huguenard, John R.; Knudsen, Eric I.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.11.028

Cited by 55 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…Responses to sensory stimuli in the intermediate/deep layers of the OT are highly context dependent (Frost and Nakayama 1983;Mysore et al 2010Netser et al 2011;Reches and Gutfreund 2008;Woods and Frost 1977;Zahar et al 2009). Neurons in these layers express a variety of cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic receptors (Goddard et al 2012;Luksch 2003;Sorenson et al 1989), suggesting a rich background for neural modulations. Studies have reported that priming by microstimulation or sensory stimulation can modulate behavioral and neural responses in the OT Winkowski and Knudsen 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have reported that priming by microstimulation or sensory stimulation can modulate behavioral and neural responses in the OT Winkowski and Knudsen 2007). Moreover, gamma band network oscillations can be recorded in the LFP and in multiunit signals in the OT (Goddard et al 2012;Neuenschwander et al 1996;Sridharan et al 2011). The amplitude of these gamma oscillations has been suggested to relate to internal states such as spatial attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ongoing activity in the optic tectum is correlated on a trial-by-trial basis with the pupil dilation response

Netser¹,

Dutta²,

Gutfreund³

2014

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Netser S, Dutta A, Gutfreund Y. Ongoing activity in the optic tectum is correlated on a trial-by-trial basis with the pupil dilation response. J Neurophysiol 111: 918 -929, 2014. First published December 4, 2013; doi:10.1152/jn.00527.2013.-The selection of the appropriate stimulus to induce an orienting response is a basic task thought to be partly achieved by tectal circuitry. Here we addressed the relationship between neural activity in the optic tectum (OT) and orienting behavioral responses. We recorded multiunit activity in the intermediate/deep layers of the OT of the barn owl simultaneously with pupil dilation responses (PDR, a well-known orienting response common to birds and mammals). A trial-by-trial analysis of the responses revealed that the PDR generally did not correlate with the evoked neural responses but significantly correlated with the rate of ongoing neural activity measured shortly before the stimulus. Following this finding, we characterized ongoing activity in the OT and showed that in the intermediate/ deep layers it tended to fluctuate spontaneously. It is characterized by short periods of high ongoing activity during which the probability of a PDR to an auditory stimulus inside the receptive field is increased. These high-ongoing activity periods were correlated with increase in the power of gamma band local field potential oscillations. Through dual recordings, we showed that the correlation coefficients of ongoing activity decreased as a function of distance between recording sites in the tectal map. Significant correlations were also found between recording sites in the OT and the forebrain entopallium. Our results suggest that an increase of ongoing activity in the OT reflects an internal state during which coupling between sensory stimulation and behavioral responses increases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ongoing activity in the optic tectum is correlated on a trial-by-trial basis with the pupil dilation response

Netser¹,

Dutta²,

Gutfreund³

2014

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…The results suggest that the oscillations arise in the motor layers of the tectum and the frequency is determined by local GABAergic circuits, which in turn, through their cholinergic inputs to the visuosensory layers, are responsible for generating the oscillations in activity of the neurons in the visuosensory layer (Goddard et al 2012, King 1990). …”

Section: Microcircuits Of the Superior Colliculusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the ability of this brainstem network to generate gamma frequency oscillations like those recorded in the cerebral cortex associated with attention was reported in a slice preparation of the avian brain (Goddard et al 2012). The results suggest that the oscillations arise in the motor layers of the tectum and the frequency is determined by local GABAergic circuits, which in turn, through their cholinergic inputs to the visuosensory layers, are responsible for generating the oscillations in activity of the neurons in the visuosensory layer (Goddard et al 2012, King 1990).…”

Section: Microcircuits Of the Superior Colliculusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These inhibitory neurons play different roles in behavior (Pi et al 2013). PV/GABA neurons in the cortex have also been implicated in controlling the frequency of oscillations in cortex that may mediate attention (Sohal 2012, Sohal et al 2009), and because of the high levels of expression of PV in the chicken tectum, it was suggested that these neurons may play a similar role in the colliculus (Goddard et al 2012). Recent work in the colliculus suggests that the principles of inhibitory circuitry discovered in the cortex may not apply to the superior colliculus.…”

Section: Microcircuits Of the Superior Colliculusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circuits for Action and Cognition: A View from the Superior Colliculus

Basso¹,

May

2017

Annu. Rev. Vis. Sci.

275

268

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The superior colliculus is one of the most well-studied structures in the brain, and with each new report, its proposed role in behavior seems to increase in complexity. Forty years of evidence show that the colliculus is critical for reorienting an organism toward objects of interest. In monkeys, this involves saccadic eye movements. Recent work in the monkey colliculus and in the homologous optic tectum of the bird extends our understanding of the role of the colliculus in higher mental functions, such as attention and decision making. In this review, we highlight some of these recent results, as well as those capitalizing on circuit-based methodologies using transgenic mice models, to understand the contribution of the colliculus to attention and decision making. The wealth of information we have about the colliculus, together with new tools, provides a unique opportunity to obtain a detailed accounting of the neurons, circuits, and computations that underlie complex behavior.

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The isthmic nuclei providing parallel feedback connections to the avian tectum have different neurochemical identities: Expression of glutamatergic and cholinergic markers in the chick (Gallus gallus)

González-Cabrera

Garrido-Charad

Roth

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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Retinal inputs to the optic tectum (TeO) triggered by moving stimuli elicit synchronized feedback signals from two isthmic nuclei: the isthmi parvocelullaris (Ipc) and isthmi semilunaris (SLu). Both of these nuclei send columnar axon terminals back to the same tectal position receiving the retinal input. The feedback signals from the Ipc seem to act as an attentional spotlight by selectively boosting the propagation of retinal inputs from the tectum to higher visual areas. Although Ipc and SLu nuclei are widely considered cholinergic because of their immunoreactivity for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), contradictory findings, including the expression of the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) mRNA in Ipc neurons, have raised doubts about the purely cholinergic nature of this nucleus. In this study, in chicks, we revise the neurochemical identity of the isthmic nuclei by using in situ hybridization assays for VGluT2 along with three cholinergic markers: the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), the high-affinity choline transporter (CHT1) and ChAT. We found that neurons in the SLu showed strong mRNA expression of all three cholinergic markers, whereas the expression of VAChT mRNA in the Ipc was undetectable in our essays. Instead, Ipc neurons exhibited a strong expression of VGluT2 mRNA. Immunohistochemistry assays showed VGluT2 immunoreactivity in the TeO codistributing with anterogradely labeled Ipc axon-terminal boutons, further supporting a glutamatergic function for the Ipc nucleus. Therefore, our results strongly suggest that, in the chick, whereas the feedback from the SLu to the TeO is indeed cholinergic, the feedback from the Ipc has a marked glutamatergic component.

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Gamma Oscillations Are Generated Locally in an Attention-Related Midbrain Network

Cited by 55 publications

References 56 publications

Ongoing activity in the optic tectum is correlated on a trial-by-trial basis with the pupil dilation response

Ongoing activity in the optic tectum is correlated on a trial-by-trial basis with the pupil dilation response

Circuits for Action and Cognition: A View from the Superior Colliculus

The isthmic nuclei providing parallel feedback connections to the avian tectum have different neurochemical identities: Expression of glutamatergic and cholinergic markers in the chick (Gallus gallus)

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