Gamma Irradiation-induced Variation in Carrots (Daucus carota L.)

Abstract

<jats:p>Carrot tissue cultures, germinating seed, and dry seed were exposed to gamma radiation. Irradiation accelerated germination of carrot seed in the M<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> generation at low doses (0.5 and 1 krad), whereas higher doses delayed germination. A high negative correlation was observed between dose and survival of plants after seed irradiation. Plant size and root weight were 20 % to 35% greater than control plants after seeds, but not tissue cultures, were exposed to low doses of gamma irradiation. Higher doses reduced M<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> plant size by &gt;50% in germinating seed and tissue culture treatments but less for the dry seed treatment. Seed production decreased while phenotypic variation of M<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> plants increased with increasing gamma ray dosage. Root weight and total dissolved solids were highly variable in M<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> families. Less variation was observed in total carotene content and none was seen in sugar type (reducing vs. nonreducing sugars). Induced variation in root color and root shape was also observed. Irradiation of germinating seed and tissue cultures yielded more M<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variation than irradiation of dry seed. Putative point mutations were not observed. Unirradiated carrot tissue cultures did not yield significant M<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> somaclonal variation. Average root weight of M<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> plants increased with increasing gamma ray dosage, especially for the dry seed treatment.</jats:p>

Gamma radiation effects on growth and yield attributes of Psoralea corylifolia L. with reference to enhanced production of psoralen

“…1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Survival of P.corylifolia at higher doses (10 kGy) highlight its great radio resistance, compared to other species such as Pisum sativa (Zaka et al 2004) and carrot (Al-Safadi and Simon 1996) where gamma irradiation with 10 and 200 Gy respectively led to 50% inhibition of first generation plantlet growth. The growth inhibition was parallel to increment in psoralen at all phenological stages at same dosage (20 kGy) particularly in flowering stage.…”

Effect of γ-radiation on development, yield and quality of microtubers in vitro in Solanum tuberosum L.

“…Low doses of γ-radiation have been reported to stimulate plant growth and development, and improve the yields and qualities of plants in vivo (Al-Safadi and Simon 1995, Wiendl et al 1995, Paull 1996 and in vitro (Degani andPickholz 1973, Al-Safadi andSimon 1990), apart from its induction of mutants in flower colour and shape (Misra et al 2003).…”

Determination of Effective Mutagen Dose for Carrot (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef and D. carota) Callus Cultures

“…Researchers like Estramareix et al (1986) LoSchiavo et al (1989, Sung (1976) and Templeton-Somers et al (1981) have studies on carrot mutagenesis and most of the changes were observed at the molecular or cellular levels and not in whole plants. Al-Safadi and Simon (1996), exposed gamma radiation to carrot tissue cultures, germinating seed, and dry seed for their investigation. Irradiation accelerated germination of carrot seed in the M1 generation at low doses (0.5 and 1 krad), whereas higher doses delayed germination.…”