Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and Other Markers for Alcoholism

Teschke, Rolf

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70048-4_3

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 107 publications

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“…Therefore, reliable tests to monitor alcohol abstinence are urgently needed. At present, the most commonly used parameter is the gamma-glutamyltransferase activity assessed in the serum (42,43). In patients with alcoholic liver disease, abstinence from alcohol leads to a striking decrease of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (42) ( Fig.…”

Section: Tests To Monitor Alcohol Abstinencementioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Abstinence in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Martini

Teschke

1985

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Section: Tests To Monitor Alcohol Abstinencementioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Abstinence in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Martini

Teschke

1985

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Duodenal gamma‐glutamyltransferase activity in human biopsies: effect of chronic ethanol consumption and duodenal morphology

Seitz

Velásquez

Waldherr

et al. 1985

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity was determined in duodenal biopsies, and in the sera of forty-six non-alcoholic and eighteen alcoholic patients with a daily alcohol consumption of more than 80 g. Additionally, duodenal morphology was examined in biopsy material obtained at the same time. In both alcoholics (P less than 0.05) and in non-alcoholics (P less than 0.001) the duodenal gamma-glutamyltransferase activity revealed a significant positive correlation with duodenal villus length. In addition, alcoholics exhibited a significant decrease in duodenal villus length (338 +/- 13 vs. 363 +/- 13 microns, P less than 0.01), and a significant increase in duodenal gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (13.0 +/- 1.4 vs. 8.4 +/- 0.6 mU mg-1 protein, P less than 0.01) when compared to controls. No significant correlation was found between duodenal and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in alcoholics and non-alcoholics. During follow up of two patients, duodenal gamma-glutamyltransferase activity decreased and duodenal villus length increased after withdrawing alcohol. These data underline the damaging effect of alcohol on the duodenal mucosa and demonstrate that chronic alcohol intake reversibly effects duodenal gamma-glutamyltransferase. In addition, the small intestine appears of minor importance as an origin for the elevated serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activities seen in the alcoholic.

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Enhanced biliary gamma‐glutamyltransferase excretion following prolonged alcohol consumption in rats

Teschke

Krukenberg

Stremmel

et al. 1987

Eur J Clin Investigation

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In order to study the question of whether chronic ethanol consumption may alter the biliary excretion of gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), female rats were pair-fed nutritionally adequate liquid diets containing either ethanol (36% of total calories) or isocaloric carbohydrates for 24 days. Compared to pair-fed controls, the administration of the alcohol-containing diet resulted in an increased biliary excretion of gamma-GT (5.84 +/- 0.73 mU 6 h-1 100 g-1 b.w. vs. 8.82 +/- 0.79, P less than 0.001). This was associated with a corresponding enhanced biliary output of total bile acids. An apparent linear relation between the biliary output rates of gamma-GT and those of total bile acids was observed both in alcohol-fed animals (r = 0.83) and in their pair-fed controls (r = 0.95). In addition, there was a significant increase of gamma-glutamyltransferase activities in the liver homogenate and in liver plasma membranes, both in fractions rich in bile canalicular and basolateral membranes and in those rich in blood sinusoidal site. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activities as well as serum bile acid concentrations were also enhanced by 96.8% (P less than 0.001) and 233% (P less than 0.001), respectively. These data show that chronic alcohol consumption enhances hepatic gamma-GT activities, leading to an increased efflux of gamma-GT into the bile and possibly into the blood out of the liver cell. Furthermore, these data suggest the involvement of bile acids with their solubilizing properties for the biliary excretion of gamma-GT.

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Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and Other Markers for Alcoholism

Cited by 7 publications

References 107 publications

Alcohol Abstinence in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Alcohol Abstinence in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Duodenal gamma‐glutamyltransferase activity in human biopsies: effect of chronic ethanol consumption and duodenal morphology

Enhanced biliary gamma‐glutamyltransferase excretion following prolonged alcohol consumption in rats

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