Gamma Chain Variants in Jamaican Newborns

Abstract

15,661 cord bloods from Jamaican infants were examined for abnormal hemoglobins using alkaline cellulose acetate electrophoresis for the initial screening, supplemented by acid agar gel electrophoresis for samples exhibiting abnormal hemoglobin bands. Of the 16 electrophoretic variants which were detected, six were fully characterized and found to be: four Hb F Port Royal (alpha2 Ggamma2 125 Glu replaced by Ala) and two Hb F Victoria Jubilee (alpha2Agamma2 80 Asp replaced by Tyr). The Hb F Port Royal samples each constituted about one eighth of the total Hb F as did seven additional samples presumed to be Hb F Port Royal. The infants with this variant exhibited no special hematological characteristics or other consistent associations. Both Hb F Victoria Jubilee samples occurred in somewhat lower proportions of the total Hb F compared with Hb F Port Royal and exhibited an apparent increase of free alpha chains in the whole hemolysate. The data available on detectable gamma chain variants suggest that a specific point mutation may occur in either a HbGgamma or a HbAgamma locus.

Hb Lepore-Hb C and Hb Lepore-β°-Thalassemia Compound Heterozygotes1 N an Algerian Family

“…2.35%) than the values which we have determined in heterozygous Hb C. In 11.2 and II.3, t h e G6PDH was found normal. Finally in 1.2, Hb F is higher than t h e percentage observed in heterozygous Hb C or Hb Lepore separately (Figure l), or in compound heterozygotes (Hb F = 5.53 f 0.98%, n = 3) (8,9). Although no final conclusion can be drawn, t h e possiblity exists that a HPFH determinant also occurs in 1.2, 11.2 and 11.3.…”

“…In two families the double heterozygotes were t h e products of mixed (black-white) marriages (9). This family is t h e third known north African case in which Hb Lepore has been recognized (2,3).…”

Law and Agroecology

“…86 The evolution of the Antarctic regime provides an important indication of the ability of ecological concepts to increasingly influence IEL. Such a holistic approach 85 is reaffirmed in Art.…”

“…86 Member States must therefore incorporate agri-environmental measures into their rural development programmes. The agri-environment-climatechange scheme ("the agri-environment scheme") has been a compulsory element of the European Union's rural development scheme since 1992.…”

“…This can imply the strategic placement of managed and seminatural ecosystems in SELs to reduce stress intensity so the services of natural ecosystems (e.g., commodities, water availability, pollination, reduced land erosion, soil formation) can be even enhanced. 85 This helps evaluate how environmental targets and ecosystem services respond to specific landscape pattern designs 86 and whether or not certain landscape patterns at multiple scales result in synergies and trade-offs among different types of ecosystem services. 81 The first involves restoring or creating nonfarmland habitat in agricultural landscapes through, for example, woodland, natural grassland, hedgerows, wetland, and meadow on arable land, 82 or riparian habitats 83 to benefit wildlife and specific services.…”