Gamma attenuation through nano lead - nano copper PVC composites

Abstract

Polymer composites of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were loaded up with micro and nano PbO/CuO particles. The added percentage of each by mass was [10 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 30 wt.%, and 40 wt.%] plus 40 wt.% of mixed composite (20 wt.% CuO+ 20 wt.% PbO). The mass and linear attenuation coefficients of the investigated composites were measured as a function of ?-ray energies going from 59.53 keV to 1408.01 keV utilizing standard radioactive point sources. To confirm the validity of these results the attenuation coefficients for bulk composites (PVC+PbO and PVC+CuO) were calculated by using XCOM software. The results were in good agreement with the values obtained from experimental work. On comparing the attenuation coefficients of the different composites it was found that those loaded with either nano PbO or CuO have higher values than those loaded with bulk sizes with the same percentage. Also, samples loaded with nano PbO have the highest attenuation coefficients even on comparing with (20 wt.% CuO+ 20 wt.% PbO), especially in the energy region below 1 MeV, but for greater energies, the values become very closed. The investigation of the mechanical properties of such composites due to the injection of bulk and nano metals reveals that tensile strength and Young?s modulus of PVC nanocomposite sheets were notably increased with the increasing concentration of CuO and PbO nanoparticles. CuO nanocomposite showed the highest values of flexural strength, toughness, and tensile strength among all the fabricated nanocomposite sheets.

Structural, Optical, Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties of MgO/Poly(Vinyl Acetate)/Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Nanocomposites

“…The obtained results confirm that mixing PVAc with PVC yields a blend with suitable properties for different applications. In a previous report [24], the B of PVC was 43% and decreased 11-15% after mixing with 20-40% CuO or PbO nano-fillers. Blending polyurethane (at 0-75%) with PVC increased the toughness and elongation at the break, whereas the tensile strength was decreased [25].…”

A New Environmentally Friendly Mortar from Cement, Waste Marble and Nano Iron Slag as Radiation Shielding

“…Greater than these energy values, Compton scattering will compete with the pair production interaction. At higher values, the pair production interaction will be predominant [ 37 ]. To explain the superiority of these new mortars, a comparison was made between the LACs of CM-Ctrl, CM-MIS, and CM-NIS mortars and the values of LACs for ordinary mortar (cement and sand) obtained from reference [ 7 ], as mentioned in Table 4 .…”

Enhancing the Gamma-Radiation-Shielding Properties of Gypsum–Lime–Waste Marble Mortars by Incorporating Micro- and Nano-PbO Particles

“…The half-value layer (HVL) and tenth-value layer (TVL) are defined as the thicknesses required to attenuate the incident photon intensity by factors of 1/2 and 1/10, respectively [ 21 ]: …”