Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Beige Adipocyte Reconstruction by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in Obese Mice

Ma, Xiaoyi; Yan, Haimeng; Hong, Shubin; Yu, Shuang; Gong, Yingying; Wu, Dide; Li, Yanbing; Xiao, Haipeng

doi:10.3390/nu15020456

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on obese mice fed a high-fat diet, and their gut microbiota composition, were investigated [ 59 ]. It has already been shown that the types and amount of bacteria in the intestines play an important role in metabolism, and have an impact on the formation and development of obesity [ 60 ].…”

Section: Methods Of the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Modern and Non-Invasive Methods of Fat Removal

Piłat,

Szpila,

Stojko

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Adipocytes accumulate triacylglycerols as an energy store, thereby causing an increase in the adipose tissue volume. Weight gain can be prevented through damage to the adipocyte structure or an increase in the body’s metabolic rate. Commonly used methods to disintegrate the cell membrane of adipocytes include injection lipolysis, cryolipolysis, ultrasonic lipolysis, radiofrequency lipolysis, laser lipolysis, carboxytherapy, and lipolysis using an electromagnetic field. The names of these methods suggest which substances are being used, and their main advantages are a very low invasiveness, as well as effectiveness. However, new discoveries in medicine, along with individuals’ desire to improve their appearance, have resulted in numerous studies on more ways of reducing body fat. Great potential is seen in beige adipocytes, which can be transformed, i.e., “recruited” from white adipocytes, or synthesized de novo; they also show thermogenic properties. One of the stimuli inducing the formation of beige adipocytes is cold and B3-adrenergic stimulation. Based on these findings, the researchers created, for example, cooling clothing. Additionally, curcumin and natural anthocyanins have proven to be helpful in the treatment of obesity and diabetes, by stimulating the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1, and inducing the formation of beige adipocytes. Another study showed that the conversion of white adipose tissue is indirectly influenced by interleukin-6 secreted by the muscles, the expression of which is increased in people actively exercising. Moreover, there is potential in adenosine analogs, fenoldopam, rhubarb, the herbal extract Ephedra sinica Stapf, electroacupuncture simulation, and the drug CBL-514. Despite knowledge and experience, the ideal method for a quick and noticeable, but safe and non-invasive reduction of body fat has not been found yet. The research conducted nowadays may bring us closer to the development of a universal method, and turn out to be a breakthrough in the fight against overweight and obesity.

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Section: Methods Of the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…GABA treatment also increased the concentration of ketone bodies and adipocyte beige, and decreased the lipid oxidation. It can therefore be concluded that GABA has a significant effect on reducing body fat, and is a non-invasive method of reducing the body circumference [ 59 ].…”

Section: Methods Of the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Modern and Non-Invasive Methods of Fat Removal

Piłat,

Szpila,

Stojko

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Microbiome Alterations and Alzheimer’s Disease: Modeling Strategies with Transgenic Mice

López-Villodres,

Escamilla,

Mercado-Sáenz

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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In the last decade, the role of the microbiota–gut–brain axis has been gaining momentum in the context of many neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and diabetes, respectively. Notably, a balanced gut microbiota contributes to the epithelial intestinal barrier maintenance, modulates the host immune system, and releases neurotransmitters and/or neuroprotective short-chain fatty acids. However, dysbiosis may provoke immune dysregulation, impacting neuroinflammation through peripheral–central immune communication. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide or detrimental microbial end-products can cross the blood–brain barrier and induce or at least potentiate the neuropathological progression of AD. Thus, after repeated failure to find a cure for this dementia, a necessary paradigmatic shift towards considering AD as a systemic disorder has occurred. Here, we present an overview of the use of germ-free and/or transgenic animal models as valid tools to unravel the connection between dysbiosis, metabolic diseases, and AD, and to investigate novel therapeutical targets. Given the high impact of dietary habits, not only on the microbiota but also on other well-established AD risk factors such as diabetes or obesity, consistent changes of lifestyle along with microbiome-based therapies should be considered as complementary approaches.

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Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Beige Adipocyte Reconstruction by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in Obese Mice

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

Modern and Non-Invasive Methods of Fat Removal

Modern and Non-Invasive Methods of Fat Removal

Microbiome Alterations and Alzheimer’s Disease: Modeling Strategies with Transgenic Mice

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