Gametocytemia and Attractiveness of Plasmodium falciparum–Infected Kenyan Children to Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes

Busula, Annette O.; Bousema, Teun; Mweresa, Collins K.; Masiga, Daniel; Logan, James G.; Sauerwein, Robert W.; Verhulst, Niels O.; Takken, Willem; Boer, Jetske G. de

doi:10.1093/infdis/jix214

Cited by 60 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…During the 1980s, an experiment was conducted using mice [8,9], hens [10], and lambs [11], in which mosquitoes were found to feed preferentially on infected hosts. A decade earlier, a similar result was found in the case of malaria in a human host [12], in which it was determined that malaria-infected humans have a greater attractiveness to mosquitoes, a phenomenon that was later called vector-bias [13], and more evidences of mosquito's feeding bias toward Plasmodium-infected vertebrates were found [14,15,16,17,18,19]. Such studies encouraged thinking over whether the parasites manipulate their hosts to increase their probability of survival or not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Impact of Behavioural Changes in Mosquito Feeding on Malaria Invasion: A Model-Based Approach

Kim

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Malaria hosts are known to manipulate the feeding behaviour of mosquitoes to protect them from external threats and control. In particular, the phenomenon in which a mosquito's feeding target is biased toward an infectious host is called a vector-bias, and it can be a threat to malaria eradication if not considered. Aim of the study is to understand the problems that may arise when vector-bias is not considered in early invasion scenarios.Methods: Stochastic formulations of malaria transmission, including the vector-bias effect, ware constructed. Invasive dynamics were investigated using an individual-based continuous time Markov chain model and the offspring distributions of secondary infections. In addition, the extinction probability was derived using the negative binomial count model. Results: Invasions will occur quickly, and once the disease spreads, extinction will become difficult compared to when the vector-bias effect is not considered. In a highly heterogeneous environment, vector-bias has rare effect on decreasing the extinction probability. Conclusion: The early detection of a malaria invasion and the early control beginning are more important due to vector-bias for the malaria eradication in early invasion scenarios. In addition, some possible mosquito-biased behaviours were discussed in terms of adaptive dynamics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Impact of Behavioural Changes in Mosquito Feeding on Malaria Invasion: A Model-Based Approach

Kim

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…A study of Kenyan patients also reported that malaria patients who carried the gametocyte stage of P. falciparum parasite were highly attractive to An. gambiae vectors [49]. An extensive collections of skin volatiles from primary-school children with high rates of malaria infection in western Kenya revealed consistent effects of malaria infection on human volatile profiles, as well as significant divergence in the effects of symptomatic versus asymptomatic infections.…”

Section: Plasmodium Induced Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs) and Mosmentioning

confidence: 94%

Can Plasmodium’s tricks for enhancing its transmission be turned against the parasite? New hopes for vector control

Emami

Hajkazemian

Mozūraitis

2019

Pathogens and Global Health

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Approximately 120 years ago the link between mosquito and the malaria transmission was discovered. However, even today it remains an open question whether the parasite is able to direct the blood-seeking and feeding behavior of its mosquito vector to maximize the probability of transmission. If the parasite has this ability, could it occur only through the alteration of the vertebrate host's volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and/or the parasite alteration of the behavior of the infected vector in a manner that favors its transmission? Although some recent empirical evidence supports the hypothesis regarding the parasite ability in alteration of the vertebrate host's VOCs, the role of parasite alteration and behavioral differences between infected and uninfected female mosquitoes toward infected and uninfected hosts has not yet been considered in the implementation of control measures. This review will discuss the current evidence, which shows 1. Plasmodium can direct uninfected mosquito blood-seeking and feeding behavior via alteration of vertebrate-host odor profiles and production of phagostimulants and 2. Plasmodium also manipulates its vector during the sporogony cycle to increase transmission. Briefly, we also consider the next generation of methods for moving the empirical laboratory evidence to potential application in future integrated malaria control programs.

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“…More recently, odours were also implicated in children infected with the infectious gametocyte stage of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum were found to be more attractive to the mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae (Lacroix et al, 2005). This phenomenon occurred even when the gametocytemia was very low and was associated with changes in aldehyde concentration of the foot odours of the infected children (Busula et al, 2017;Robinson et al, 2018). GC/MS analysis is a useful research tool but its use as a widely available diagnostic tool is unrealistic because of significant associated infrastructure and personnel costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic chemical analyser (eNose) diagnosis of dogs naturally infected with visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil

Staniek

Sedda

Gibson

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil is a neglected vector-borne tropical parasitic disease that is responsible for several thousand human deaths every year. The numbers of cases more than doubled between 1990 and 2016. Transmission occurs when sand flies become infected after feeding on infected dogs (the reservoir host) and then subsequently on humans. A major component of the VL control effort is the identification and euthanasia of infected dogs to remove them as a source of infection. Rapid, accurate identification of infected dogs would be key to this strategy.Here we demonstrate the potential of a volatile organic chemical analyser (eNose) to rapidly and accurately identify dogs infected with Leishmania infantum parasites. The eNose could discriminate between the odours present in the hair of infected and uninfected dogs with greater than 95% sensitivity and 95% specificity.The device was sufficiently sensitive to be able to identify infected dogs even when parasite loads in the circulating blood were very low.Future improvements to VOC analyser technology, portability and ease of use suggest that this methodology could significantly improve the diagnosis of VL infected dogs in Brazil and elsewhere and with other parasitic diseases such as Malaria, Chaga's Disease and Leishmania in humans.

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Gametocytemia and Attractiveness of Plasmodium falciparum–Infected Kenyan Children to Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Impact of Behavioural Changes in Mosquito Feeding on Malaria Invasion: A Model-Based Approach

Impact of Behavioural Changes in Mosquito Feeding on Malaria Invasion: A Model-Based Approach

Can Plasmodium’s tricks for enhancing its transmission be turned against the parasite? New hopes for vector control

Volatile organic chemical analyser (eNose) diagnosis of dogs naturally infected with visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil

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