“…Depending on the communication used to ensure a desired global behavior, MASs can be classified as [2] (i) MASs based on agent-to-agent communication, in which both the local controllers and the communication topology must be accordingly designed, and (ii) MASs based on broadcast, where a global controller analyzes the group performance and broadcasts a signal to all local controllers. According to [3], from the point of view of the problem formulation, MASs can solve various problems such as (i) consensus control, in which all local states must converge to a common value agreed upon among the agents [4], (ii) formation control, where all agents must move in a predefined formation shape [5], and (iii) containment control, in which a subset of agents are considered leaders and dictate the safe regions for the follower agents to move [6].…”