Gambogic acid suppresses colon cancer cell activity in vitro

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism of antitumor activity of gambogic acid (GA) in colon cancer. Human colon cancer SW620 cells were divided into five treatment groups, including no-treatment control (NC), low dose GA (10 µg/ml), medium dose GA (50 µg/ml), high dose GA (100 µg/ml) and 5-fluorouracil (10 µg/ml). Differences in cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle, invasion, and migration were measured between groups using MTT, flow cytometry, transwell and wound-healing assays, respectively. Western blotting was used to analyze relative protein expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), P21, and matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2 and-9 between groups. Compared with the NC group, GA (low, middle and high) inhibited SW620 cell proliferation, invasion and migration (all P<0.05). Furthermore, there were significant differences in proliferation, invasion and migration between groups administered with different doses of GA (all P<0.05). Compared with the NC group, the expression levels of PI3K, AKT, phosphorylated-AKT, P21 and MMP-2 and-9 were significantly altered in a dose dependent manner following treatment with GA (all P<0.05). The results of the current study indicated that GA suppressed proliferation and dispersion of human colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, possibly through a PI3K/AKT/P21/MMP-2/9-dependent pathway.

Novel Xanthone Derivatives Impair Growth and Invasiveness of Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro

“…Chen et al confirmed that MAG reduces the level of MMP-9 mRNA through the suppression of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway and thus reduces renal cancer metastasis [46]. Likewise, Zhou and Ma described a decrease of invasion and migration as well as decreased MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA in SW620 colon cancer cells treated with GA [47]. We previously described a decrease in MMP-9 and MMP-2 mRNA expression and enzymatic activity in breast (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), lung (A549), and bladder (T24) cancer cells treated by aminoalkanol xanthone derivatives [23].…”

Mechanism of gambogic acid repressing invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer by regulating macrophage polarization via tumor cell‐derived extracellular vesicle‐shuttled miR‐21

“…Consistently, the in vitro experiments also demonstrated a repressed level of miR‐21, weakened migration, proliferation and invasion, and amplified apoptosis in HT‐29 cells after GA treatment, all of which were reversed via overexpression of miR‐21. In a similar light, GA exerts inhibitory effects on the cell viability of colon cancer cells in vitro (Zhou & Ma, 2019). The latter pieces of evidence illustrate the regulatory effect of GA on the proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis of tumors (Gupta et al, 2010).…”

A Prognostic Ferroptosis-Related lncRNA Model Associated With Immune Infiltration in Colon Cancer

“…CC is a high-incidence malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Although targeted drugs can improve the prognosis of patients with CC, the mortality rate among patients remains high ( Zhou and Ma, 2019 ). Therefore, reliable biomarkers must be identified for constructing a prognostic model to assess the prognosis and survival of CC patients.…”