Gambling transitions among adult gamblers: A multi-state model using a Markovian approach applied to the JEU cohort

Bruneau, Mélanie; Grall‐Bronnec, Marie; Vénisse, Jean-Luc; Romo, Lucia; Valleur, Marc; Magalon, David; Fatséas, Mélina; Chéreau-Boudet, I.; Luquiens, Amandine; Challet-Bouju, Gaëlle; Hardouin, Jean-Benoît

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.01.010

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Links between social gambling and GD are not linear and different factors-individual and environmental factors or behavioral characteristics linked to gamblingmay influence gambling status and the development of the gambling behavior 1) . Problem gambling (PG) is more likely to occur among men [1][2][3]8) , with psychiatric disorders 8) , or individuals of extreme age [9][10][11][12] . Environmental factors, such as level of income, socio-economic integration, or social support and working status have an influence, both on PG prevalence worldwide and on an individual's gambling trajectory between social gambling and GD 1,4,8) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of problem gambling in an employed population in Brittany, France

Dezutter¹,

Guillou-Landréat

Dewitte

et al. 2020

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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Some employees may have recourse to gambling, notably as an adaptive strategy. Although many studies have been performed on specific occupational groups (i.e. gambling industry, transportation or teaching), none have been conducted with workers followed-up by Occupational Health Services (OHS). Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of problem gambling in an employed population and its links with work. We performed a cross-sectional study between November 2016 and April 2017, in an OHS in France. We evaluated the prevalence of gambling using the Lie or Bet questionnaire and the Canadian Problem Gambling Index. Among the 410 employees included, 138 (33.7%) had gambled in the previous year, 12 (2.9%) considered their gambling experience to be work-related, 13 (3.2%) were identified as problem gamblers. The influence of colleagues and the workplace hierarchy and ease of access to gambling (in tobacco shops, bars…) could be risk factors. Screening for gambling behavior could be offered by occupational health services, using the Lie or Bet, especially for employees exposed to readily available gambling opportunities at their workplace.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of problem gambling in an employed population in Brittany, France

Dezutter¹,

Guillou-Landréat

Dewitte

et al. 2020

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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“…In Sweden, people born outside the country also have elevated risk ( Abbott et al, 2014 ). In addition to some gambling and sociodemographic factors, there are strong associations with personality characteristics including impulsivity, mental health disorders and substance use and misuse ( Bruneau et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Gambling Reinforcers, Over Consumption and Fallacies: The Psychometric Properties and Predictive Validity of the Jonsson-Abbott Scale

et al. 2017

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Traditionally, gambling and problem gambling research relies on cross-sectional and retrospective designs. This has compromised identification of temporal relationships and causal inference. To overcome these problems a new questionnaire, the Jonsson-Abbott Scale (JAS), was developed and used in a large, prospective, general population study, The Swedish Longitudinal Gambling Study (Swelogs). The JAS has 11 items and seeks to identify early indicators, examine relationships between indicators and assess their capacity to predict future problem progression. The aims of the study were to examine psychometric properties of the JAS (internal consistency and dimensionality) and predictive validity with respect to increased gambling risk and problem gambling onset. The results are based on repeated interviews with 3818 participants. The response rate from the initial baseline wave was 74%. The original sample consisted of a random, stratified selection from the Swedish population register aged between 16 and 84. The results indicate an acceptable fit of a three-factor solution in a confirmatory factor analysis with ‘Over consumption,’ ‘Gambling fallacies,’ and ‘Reinforcers’ as factors. Reinforcers, Over consumption and Gambling fallacies were significant predictors of gambling risk potential and Gambling fallacies and Over consumption were significant predictors of problem gambling onset (incident cases) at 12 month follow up. When controlled for risk potential measured at baseline, the predictor Over consumption was not significant for gambling risk potential at follow up. For incident cases, Gambling fallacies and Over consumption remained significant when controlled for risk potential. Implications of the results for the development of problem gambling, early detection, prevention, and future research are discussed.

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“…It can be assumed that giving up gambling completely under medical supervision for at least 1 month could help reinforce feelings of self-efficacy and reduce cognitive distortions, with a decrease in the severity of the disorder as a potential corollary. Indeed, in a previous analysis, we observed that giving up gambling for a period of at least 1 month was associated with a lower risk of changing status from non-problem gambler to problem gambler (Bruneau et al., 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Cognitive distortions and ADHD in pathological gambling: A national longitudinal case-control cohort study

et al. 2016

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IntroductionThe primary outcome of our study was to assess the links between the level of cognitive distortions and the severity of gambling disorder. We also aimed at assessing the links between patient gambling trajectories and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Materials and methodsThe study population (n = 628) was comprised of problem and non-problem gamblers of both sexes between 18 and 65 years of age, who reported gambling on at least one occasion during the previous year. Data encompassed socio-demographic characteristics, gambling habits, the South Oaks Gambling Screen, the Gambling Attitudes and Beliefs Survey – 23, the Wender Utah Rating Scale – Child, and the Adult ADHD Self-report Scale. ResultsThe cognitive distortions with the greatest correlation to the severity of gambling disorder were the “Chasing” and “Emotions.” These two dimensions were able to distinguish between problem gamblers seeking treatment or not. While age of onset of gambling and length of gambling practice were not associated with the level of distorted cognitions, a period of abstinence of at least 1 month was associated with a lower level of distorted cognitions. The presence of ADHD resulted in a higher level of distorted cognitions.ConclusionCognitive work is essential to the prevention, and the treatment, of pathological gambling, especially with respect to emotional biases and chasing behavior. The instauration of an abstinence period of at least 1 month under medical supervision could be a promising therapeutic lead for reducing gambling-related erroneous thoughts and for improving care strategies of pathological gamblers.

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Gambling transitions among adult gamblers: A multi-state model using a Markovian approach applied to the JEU cohort

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence of problem gambling in an employed population in Brittany, France

Prevalence of problem gambling in an employed population in Brittany, France

Measuring Gambling Reinforcers, Over Consumption and Fallacies: The Psychometric Properties and Predictive Validity of the Jonsson-Abbott Scale

Cognitive distortions and ADHD in pathological gambling: A national longitudinal case-control cohort study

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