Galvani and Volta Potentials at the Interface Separating Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions

Koczorowski, Zbigniew

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71881-6_5

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…[56] for review. From a practical point of view, the main difficulty is connected with the reference electrode in the organic phase.…”

Section: Measurements Of Equilibrium Potential Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50, χ is the surface potential of phase o and E ref comprises contributions that can be considered constant, (51) i.e., the electronic work function Φ(M) of the metal M, the change in the surface potential δχ(M) of the metal M due to the surface modification if any, and the chemical potential µ e (M') of electrons in the metal contact M' to the reference electrode RE. By comparing the cell potential differences for various partition systems, a scale of distribution potentials can be established, but additional assumptions regarding the contributions of the surface potentials of phases M and o have to be made [56].…”

Section: Measurements Of Equilibrium Potential Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (IUPAC Technical Report)

Samec¹

2004

Pure and Applied Chemistry

333

332

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This document provides an inventory of theoretical and methodological concepts in electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES). Definitions of basic relationships are given, together with recommendations for the preferred symbols, terminology, and nomenclature. Methods of study of ITIES are briefly described, current experimental problems are indicated, and representative experimental data are shown. The practical applications of electrochemistry at ITIES are summarized. CONTENTS

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“…[56] for review. From a practical point of view, the main difficulty is connected with the reference electrode in the organic phase.…”

Section: Measurements Of Equilibrium Potential Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurements Of Equilibrium Potential Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (IUPAC Technical Report)

Samec¹

2004

Pure and Applied Chemistry

333

332

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“…These interfaces have been used as models of biological membranes , and are of critical importance when studying liquid−liquid extractions or other mass/charge-transfer events at interfaces . One liquid−liquid junction that has been studied extensively is the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) . Typically, ITIES are comprised of a volatile organic solvent with a high permittivity, such as nitrobenzene (NB) and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), in contact with an aqueous electrolyte solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, ITIES are comprised of a volatile organic solvent with a high permittivity, such as nitrobenzene (NB) and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), in contact with an aqueous electrolyte solution. Because of their high permittivities, 35.4 and 10.4, respectively, the use of NB and DCE allows for the formation of an organic electrolyte solution when suitable organic salts, such as tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate, are used. ,− The charged nature of both phases allows for precise control over the ITIES using electrochemical methods . There are, however, problems associated with the volatile nature and carcinogenic properties of DCE and NB that must be considered when using these solvents for the study of interfacial phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Tension and Electrocapillary Measurements of the Room Temperature Ionic Liquid/Aqueous Interface

2005

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The surface and aqueous interfacial tensions for a series of water-immiscible room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have been measured. The RTILs used in this study were based on 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations (Cnmim, n=6, 8, 10, and 12) and bis(perfluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMSI) and bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide (BETI) anions. It was found that the surface tensions of the RTILs increased with an increasing cation chain length similar to the behavior of n-alkanes. Interfacial tensions of the RTILs with aqueous solutions, however, were found to decrease with the cation chain length, which has been attributed to the increased surface activity of the longer chain cations. We have also demonstrated the first use of electrocapillary measurements to study the polarizable RTIL/aqueous interfaces. From the electrocapillary data, the potential of zero charge (PZC) for these RTIL/aqueous interfaces was determined, as well as the relative surface excess charge and capacitance. The PZC was found to be dependent upon the structure of the anions and cations with PZC values ranging from -357 mV for C6mimBETI and -161 mV for C10mimBMSI. The electrocapillary results also show that the cations of the RTIL are becoming increasingly surface-active as the alkyl chain on the cation is lengthened, thereby modulating the interfacial potential.

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“…Most frequently the "TATB assumption" [3,9,29,40,[194][195][196][197][198][199] is made stating that the anion and the cation of tetraphenylarsonium tetraphenylborate have equal standard Gibbs transfer energies. On the basis of this assumption a scale for standard Gibbs transfer energies of ions from one solvent to another can be obtained using standard Gibbs transfer energies of salts calculated from partition coefficients.…”

Section: Representative Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple Ion Transfer at Liquid|Liquid Interfaces

Vallejo

Ovejero

Fernández

et al. 2012

International Journal of Electrochemistry

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The main aspects related to the charge transfer reactions occurring at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) are described. The particular topics to be discussed involve simple ion transfer. Focus is given on theoretical approaches, numerical simulations, and experimental methodologies. Concerning the theoretical procedures, different computational simulations related to simple ion transfer are reviewed. The main conclusions drawn from the most accepted models are described and analyzed in regard to their relevance for explaining different aspects of ion transfer. We describe numerical simulations implementing different approaches for solving the differential equations associated with the mass transport and charge transfer. These numerical simulations are correlated with selected experimental results; their usefulness in designing new experiments is summarized. Finally, many practical applications can be envisaged regarding the determination of physicochemical properties, electroanalysis, drug lipophilicity, and phase-transfer catalysis.

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Galvani and Volta Potentials at the Interface Separating Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions

Cited by 6 publications

References 108 publications

Electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (IUPAC Technical Report)

Electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (IUPAC Technical Report)

Interfacial Tension and Electrocapillary Measurements of the Room Temperature Ionic Liquid/Aqueous Interface

Simple Ion Transfer at Liquid|Liquid Interfaces

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