Gallic acid anti-myotoxic activity and mechanism of action, a snake venom phospholipase A2 toxin inhibitor, isolated from the medicinal plant Anacardium humile

Costa, Tássia R.; Francisco, Aleff Ferreira; Cardoso, Filomena; Moreira-Dill, Leandro S.; Fernandes, Carlos A. H.; Gomes, Antoniel Augusto Severo; Guimarães, César L.S.; Marcussi, Silvana; Pereira, Paulo Sérgio; Oliveira, H.C.; Fontes, Marcos R.M.; Silva, Saulo da Luz e; Zuliani, Juliana Pavan; Soares, Andreimar Martins

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.163

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…It is a promising candidate for the development of new drugs for experimental use, and there is a call for its use as a nutritional supplement. Other literature data show that GA is a powerful inhibitor of the pharmacological activity of PLA2 from venoms [13,18]. Thus, the major question was what effects of GA would be observed when the compound was previously administered in animals on the development of edema and myotoxicity induced by sPLA2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gallic acid can be a valuable compound in terms of raw material and it has the ability to act as an anti-inflammatory molecule inhibiting the sPLA2, as an antioxidant agent, and as a COX2 inhibitor [1,13,34,35]. In addition, GA also exhibits other activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, cardio-protective, gastro-protective, neuroprotective effects [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All animal experiments were approved by the Ethics In this article, we observed a significantly increased myotoxicity in animals pre-treated with GA, and this result was somewhat unexpected since the literature strongly suggests that natural compounds would be able to neutralize the myotoxic effect induced by secretory venom PLA2. This property could involve the antioxidant capacity of the compounds as well as their ability to neutralize proteins involved in the inflammatory process, and venom PLA2 itself is also affected by natural compounds [13,[20][21][22][23]. Besides that, considering some studies [27], we performed other molecular modeling studies that suggested that GA could inhibit the acetylcholinesterase from peripheral nerve endings, which would be stimulated by sPLA2 from CDT, a potent neurotoxin [29][30][31].…”

Section: Institutional Review Board Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several articles in the literature suggest the beneficial effects of GA against phospholipase A2 activity. Costa et al, 2021 [13] showed that GA was able to inhibit and neutralize the pharmacological activity of BthTx-I (catalytically inactive PLA2). Furthermore, in all these models, the compounds were always preincubated with PLA2 isolated from venom [14][15][16][17], and, as we have confirmed, the preincubation leads to the complete neutralization of the enzymatic and pharmacological effects of this enzyme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in all these models, the compounds were always preincubated with PLA2 isolated from venom [14][15][16][17], and, as we have confirmed, the preincubation leads to the complete neutralization of the enzymatic and pharmacological effects of this enzyme. Due to these beneficial properties and the apparent lack of toxicity of GA, this compound has been extensively marketed as a food supplement for daily use [13,18]. However, there is no study regarding the effect of GA inoculation on animals prior to sPLA2 administration and its effects on the animal body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gallic Acid as a Non-Selective Inhibitor of α/β-Hydrolase Fold Enzymes Involved in the Inflammatory Process: The Two Sides of the Same Coin

et al. 2022

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(1) Background: Gallic acid (GA) has been characterized as an effective anti-inflammatory, antivenom, and promising drug for therapeutic use. (2/3) Methods and Results: GA was identified from ethanolic extract of fresh pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) leaves, which was identified using commercial GA. Commercial GA neutralized the enzymatic activity of secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) by inhibiting the active site and inducing changes in the secondary structure of the enzyme. Pharmacological edema assays showed that GA strongly decreased edema when the compound was previously incubated with sPLA2. However, prior treatment of GA (30 min before) significantly increased the edema and myotoxicity induced by sPLA2. The molecular docking results of GA with platelet-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) and acetylcholinesterase reveal that this compound was able to interact with the active site of both molecules, inhibiting the hydrolysis of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and acetylcholine (ACh). (4) Conclusion: GA has a great potential application; however, our results show that this compound can also induce adverse effects in previously treated animals. Additionally, the increased edema and myotoxicity observed experimentally in GA-treated animals may be due to the inhibition of PAF-AH and Acetylcholinesterase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Institutional Review Board Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Gallic Acid as a Non-Selective Inhibitor of α/β-Hydrolase Fold Enzymes Involved in the Inflammatory Process: The Two Sides of the Same Coin

et al. 2022

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Effect of phenolic compounds and hydroxyl content on the physicochemical properties of pine nut oil Pickering emulsions

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND For decades, pine nut oil Pickering emulsions have been stabilized using a covalent composite of two phenolic chemicals (tannic acid, TA; and gallic acid, GA) and whey protein isolate (WPI) following alkali treatment. Based on covalent composite particles being excellent sources of high‐quality stabilizers, this research explored the influence of phenolic addition and hydroxyl content on stability, rheological parameters and characterization of Pickering emulsions. RESULTS Tannic acid was more effective in reducing the average particle size of the emulsion, which decreased from 479.4 ± 2.1 nm without addition to between 187.6 ± 5.9 and 368.2 ± 16.8 nm (P < 0.05). The potential values of all the emulsions were between −30 and −50 mV (except for the gallic acid addition of 2.5 g kg−1). When the phenolic addition was 7.5 g kg−1, emulsions demonstrated the best emulsification ability. Pickering emulsion stabilized by WPI‐TA and WPI‐GA particles were successfully generated, according to confocal laser scanning microscopy. Rheological results showed that the increase of phenolic addition contributed to larger elastic modulus (G′), viscosity modulus (G″) and viscosity of emulsions, which was beneficial to the stability of emulsions. CONCLUSION Both phenolic compounds significantly improved the physicochemical stability of the emulsions (P < 0.05) and their oxidative stability. Covalently crosslinking phenolic compounds to proteins is a better method to prepare stable emulsions. It is more prominent that TA shows a more significant improvement in emulsion stability due to the number of hydroxyl groups it can provide. This research might serve as a theoretical foundation for enhancing the quality of pine nut oil‐related products. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Unraveling snake venom phospholipase A2: an overview of its structure, pharmacology, and inhibitors

Sampat,

Hiremath,

Dodakallanavar

et al. 2023

Pharmacol. Rep

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Gallic acid anti-myotoxic activity and mechanism of action, a snake venom phospholipase A2 toxin inhibitor, isolated from the medicinal plant Anacardium humile

Cited by 15 publications

References 92 publications

Gallic Acid as a Non-Selective Inhibitor of α/β-Hydrolase Fold Enzymes Involved in the Inflammatory Process: The Two Sides of the Same Coin

Gallic Acid as a Non-Selective Inhibitor of α/β-Hydrolase Fold Enzymes Involved in the Inflammatory Process: The Two Sides of the Same Coin

Effect of phenolic compounds and hydroxyl content on the physicochemical properties of pine nut oil Pickering emulsions

Unraveling snake venom phospholipase A2: an overview of its structure, pharmacology, and inhibitors

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