Gallbladder polyps and adenomyomatosis

Abstract

Incidental findings are commonly detected during examination of the gallbladder. Differentiating benign from malignant lesions is critical because of the poor prognosis associated with gallbladder malignancy. Therefore, it is important that radiologists and sonographers are aware of common incidental gallbladder findings, which undoubtedly will continue to increase with growing medical imaging use. Ultrasound is the primary imaging modality used to examine the gallbladder and biliary tree, but contrast enhanced ultrasound and MRI are increasingly used. This review article focuses on two common incidental findings in the gallbladder; adenomyomatosis and gallbladder polyps. The imaging features of these conditions will be reviewed and compared between radiological modalities, and the pathology, epidemiology, natural history, and management will be discussed.

Prediction of neoplastic gallbladder polyps in patients with different age level based on preoperative ultrasound: a multi-center retrospective real-world study

“…Non-neoplastic polyps mainly include cholesterol polyps, inflammatory polyps, gallbladder adenomyomatosis, xanthogranuloma, adenomatous hyperplasia and so on. Neoplastic polyps can be divided into benign polyps (gallbladder adenomas and other rare benign mesenchymal tumors) and malignant polyps that mainly include gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) [ 5 ].…”

“…In addition, the prevalence of neoplastic polyps increases sharply with age and is associated with GBC [ 5 , 12 , 13 ]. An age criterion is also commonly conducted to guide management [ 10 ], unfortunately, the guidelines do not recommend follow-up strategies for different age groups.…”

Prediction of neoplastic gallbladder polyps in patients with different age level based on preoperative ultrasound: a multi-center retrospective real-world study

“…Non-neoplastic polyps mainly include cholesterol polyps, in ammatory polyps, gallbladder adenomyomatosis, xanthogranuloma, adenomatous hyperplasia and so on. Neoplastic polyps can be divided into benign polyps (gallbladder adenomas and other rare benign mesenchymal tumors) and malignant polyps that mainly including gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) [5].…”

“…An age criterion is also commonly conducted to guide management [10], unfortunately, the guidelines do not recommend follow-up strategies for different age groups. At present, an appropriate age threshold for recommendation remains unclear, scholars have proposed to use the age of 50-, 60-and 65years as the thresholds for predicting malignant polyps [5]. According to the age classi cation of WHO, we classi ed patients aged 18-44 years in the young adults group, 45-59 years in the middle-aged group, and patients ≥60 years in the elderly group.…”

“…In addition, the prevalence of neoplastic polyps increases sharply with age and is associated with GBC [5,12,13]. An age criterion is also commonly conducted to guide management [10], unfortunately, the guidelines do not recommend follow-up strategies for different age groups.…”