Gallbladder motility in agouti-yellow and leptin-resistant obese mice

Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Restores Gallbladder Contractility in Leptin-Resistant Obese Diabetic Mice1,2

“…In this study, our previous findings that the leptinresistant obese (Lep db ) mice have greater body weight, gallbladder volumes, serum glucose and insulin levels as well as greater liver weight and fat content than the C57BL/6J lean mice were confirmed [4]. Similarly, our prior findings that the Lep db mice have decreased gallbladder contractility to ACh, NPY, and CCK than the lean mice are also replicated in this study [4].…”

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that these mice have severe insulin resistant diabetes, hypertrigyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia [3][4][5]. These mice also have dramatically reduced gallbladder contractility to neurotransmitter stimulation in an in vitro muscle bath [3,4], which correlates with hyperglycemia, elevated insulin levels, and hyperlipidemia [5]. When leptin is administered to the leptin-deficient Lep ob mice, they have dramatic weight loss and rapid correction of their diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia [6].…”

Resistin-Like Molecule Alpha Reduces Gallbladder Optimal Tension

“…Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that Lep ob and Lep db mice have hyperglycemia, insulin-resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, enlarged gallbladders, and reduced response of their gallbladder smooth muscle to neurotransmitters such as ACh, NPY, and CCK. [6][7][8][9]21,22 The serum glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides in these mice correlated inversely with their in vitro gallbladder responses. 6 We have also shown that the lipids in the gallbladder wall of lean (C57BL/6J) and obese (Lep ob ) mice correlate with the impaired in vitro gallbladder response to neurotransmitters.…”

Disruption of the Murine Protein Kinase Cβ Gene Promotes Gallstone Formation and Alters Biliary Lipid and Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism

“…For instance, increased serum leptin has been shown to enhance biliary cholesterol concentration, resulting in subsequent bile supersaturation with cholesterol and hence an increased risk of gallstones (82). Data from leptin-deficient and leptin-resistant mice have additionally suggested that leptin may decrease gallbladder activity (83) and shorten the formation time of cholesterol crystals (84). In contrast, a lower adiponectin level has been linked with gallstone disease, obesity, and insulin resistance (85).…”