Galectin‐9: Diverse roles in hepatic immune homeostasis and inflammation

Golden-Mason, Lucy; Rosen, Hugo R.

doi:10.1002/hep.29106

Cited by 57 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Based on this evidence, it is impossible to deny the participation of Gal-"3" in ovarian carcinogenesis. Gal-"9" has a role in hemostasis and inflammation [27]. We did not find studies on expression of Gal-"9" in ovarian neoplasms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Comparative Immunohistochemical Study of Galectins 1, 3 and 9 in Ovarian Epithelial Neoplasms

Etchebehere¹,

Duque²,

Silva³

et al. 2020

COR

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Ovarian neoplasms are among the most common in the female genital tract and often have delayed diagnosis. Tumor progression involves signalling proteins called galectins. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of galectins “1”, “3” and “9” in the ovarian surface epithelial neoplasia. A retrospective study involving 62 ovarian epithelial tumors (benign and non-benign) was performed with immunohistochemical polymer technique and antibodies against galectin “1”, “3” and “9”. Expression in epithelium and stroma was analysed semi-quantitatively. Fisher’s exact test was performed for statistical analysis. Galectin-“1” and “3” were strongly expressed in non-benign tumors of the epithelium. Non-benign neoplasms showed increased stromal expression of galectin-1 and increased epithelial expression of galectin-“3”. The significant increase in expression of galectin-1 and -3 in the epithelium of non- benign ovarian neoplasms suggests the participation of these galectins in ovarian carcinogenesis. We observed increased stromal expression of galectin-“1” and epithelial expression of galectin-“3” in non-benign ovarian neoplasms. These findings contribute to knowledge about the role of these galectins in the growth and spread of ovarian cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Comparative Immunohistochemical Study of Galectins 1, 3 and 9 in Ovarian Epithelial Neoplasms

Etchebehere¹,

Duque²,

Silva³

et al. 2020

COR

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“…LGALS9, which is widely distributed among tissues, and is predominantly expressed by activated endothelial cells, interferon (IFN)-stimulated fibroblasts, and innate or adaptive immune cells [24]. Galectin-9 is highly expressed in the liver and circulation in patients with chronic liver diseases, and higher serum galectin-9 levels are related to liver fibrosis progression [25]. The clinical association of serum galectin-9 levels with SSc has also been investigated in patients [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-β-induced Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways in galectin-9-deficient mice and fibroblast cells

et al. 2020

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Background: Galectin-9 is a β-galactoside-binding protein with two carbohydrate recognition domains. Recent studies have revealed that galectin-9 regulates cellular biological reactions and plays a pivotal role in fibrosis. The aim of this study was to determine the role of galectin-9 in the pathogenesis of bleomycin-induced systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods: Human galectin-9 levels in the serum of patients with SSc and mouse sera galectin-9 levels were measured by a Bio-Plex immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lung fibrosis was induced using bleomycin in galectin-9 wild-type and knockout mice. The effects of galectin-9 on the fibrosis markers and signaling molecules in the mouse lung tissues and primary lung fibroblast cells were assessed with western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Galectin-9 levels in the serum were significantly higher (9-fold) in patients compared to those of healthy individuals. Galectin-9 deficiency in mice prominently ameliorated epithelial proliferation, collagen I accumulation, and α-smooth muscle actin expression. In addition, the galectin-9 knockout mice showed reduced protein expression levels of fibrosis markers such as Smad2/3, connective tissue growth factor, and endothelin-1. Differences between the wild-type and knockout groups were also observed in the AKT, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways. Galectin-9 deficiency decreased the signal activation induced by transforming growth factor-beta in mouse primary fibroblasts, which plays a critical role in fibroblast activation and aberrant catabolism of the extracellular matrix. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that lack of galectin-9 protects against bleomycin-induced SSc. Moreover, galectin-9 might be involved in regulating the progression of fibrosis in multiple pathways.

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“…LGALS3 is a key mediator in hepatic inflammation and fibrogenesis and could be a target for a therapeutic intervention of hepatic inflammation and fibrogenesis [38,39]. Growing evidence suggests LGALS9 drives various miRNAs to exhibit antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and proproliferative functions on hepatocytes to alleviate the progress of liver diseases and injury [40,41]. Thus, the hepatoprotective effect of White Peony may be mainly on the prevention of the inflammation-related hepatic injury.…”

Section: International Journal Of Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Approach Exploring the Synergistic Mechanism of Herbal Pairs in a Botanical Dietary Supplement: A Case Study of a Liver Protection Health Food

Chen¹,

Hu²,

Hood

et al. 2020

International Journal of Genomics

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Herbal pairs are used as a bridge between single herb and polyherbal formulas in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to provide rationale for complicated TCM formulas. The effectiveness and rationality of TCM herbal pairs have been widely applied as a strategy for dietary supplements. However, due to the complexity of the phytochemistry of individual and combinations of herbal materials, it is difficult to reveal their effective and synergistic mechanisms from a molecular or systematic point of view. In order to address this question, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis and System Pharmacology tools were applied to explore the mechanism of action, using a White Peony (Paeoniae Radix Alba) and Licorice (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)-based dietary supplement. A total of sixteen chemical constituents of White Peony and Licorice were isolated and identified, which interact with 73 liver protection-related targets. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were then performed along with network analysis. Results showed that the synergistic mechanism of the White Peony and Licorice herbal pair was associated with their coregulation of bile secretion and ABC transporter pathways. In addition, Licorice exhibits a specific response to drug and xenobiotic metabolism pathways, whereas White Peony responds to Toll-like receptor signaling, C-type lectin receptor signaling, IL-17 signaling, and TNF signaling pathways, resulting in the prevention of hepatocyte apoptosis and the reduction of immune and inflammation-mediated liver damage. These findings suggest that a White Peony and Licorice herbal pair supplement would have a liver-protecting benefit through complimentary and synergistic mechanisms. This approach provides a new path to explore herbal compatibility in dietary supplements derived from TCM theory.

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Galectin‐9: Diverse roles in hepatic immune homeostasis and inflammation

Cited by 57 publications

References 51 publications

Comparative Immunohistochemical Study of Galectins 1, 3 and 9 in Ovarian Epithelial Neoplasms

Comparative Immunohistochemical Study of Galectins 1, 3 and 9 in Ovarian Epithelial Neoplasms

Amelioration of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-β-induced Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways in galectin-9-deficient mice and fibroblast cells

An Integrated Approach Exploring the Synergistic Mechanism of Herbal Pairs in a Botanical Dietary Supplement: A Case Study of a Liver Protection Health Food

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