Galectin-1 inhibits oral-intestinal allergy syndrome

Abstract

Background and aimsThe pathogenesis of oral-intestinal allergy syndrome (OIAS) has not been well understood. Published data indicate that galectin (Gal) 1 has immune regulatory functions. This study tests a hypothesis that Gal1 inhibits oral-intestinal allergy syndrome.MethodsMice were sensitized to peanut extracts (PE) via the buccal mucosa with or without using Gal1 together.ResultsUpon re-exposure to specific antigen, the OIAS mice showed the systemic allergic response, the oral allergic reactions, and intestinal allergic inflammation, including increases in serum histamine, drop of the core temperature, higher levels of PE-specific IgE and interleukin (IL)-4. Increases in mast cell and eosinophil in the oral mucosa and intestinal mucosa were also observed. The OIAS was inhibited by co-administration with Gal1 via a mechanism of suppressing micro RNA (miR)-98 and reversing the expression of IL-10 in CD14+ cells in the intestine.ConclusionsThe OIAS can be induced by applying specific antigens to the oral mucosa, which can be inhibited by co-administration with Gal1.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Mixture of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Sodium Butyrate in Atopic Dermatitis Murine Model

“…Atopic dermatitis accompanies serum histamine release 6 and IL-10 decrease by mast cell degranulation. 28 In this study, we demonstrate the effects of the treatment with probiotic mixture and sodium butyrate to alleviate atopic dermatitis in vivo. Because COM induces mast cell degranulation and histamine releases in systemic anaphylaxis, it has been used for establishing vasodilation in atopic dermatitis model.…”

Galectin-1: A Jack-of-All-Trades in the Resolution of Acute and Chronic Inflammation

“…Within the immune system, Gal-1 is synthesized and secreted by a wide range of cells, including activated T and B cells (22,23), macrophages (24), Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) (25,26), tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) (27,28), gd T cells (29), microglia (30), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (29). Remarkably, Gal-1 expression is prominent in immuneprivileged sites, such as placenta (31,32), testis (33,34), and the eye (35), and is significantly up-or downmodulated in inflammatory conditions, including microbial infection (36)(37)(38), autoimmunity (27,39), allergy (40,41), cancer (19,29,(42)(43)(44), reproductive disorders (31,32,45,46), neurodegenerative diseases (30), and myocardial infarction (47). Interestingly, in experimental models, Gal-1 expression peaks during the recovery phase of autoimmune disease (27,30), indicating a major role for this lectin during resolution of inflammation.…”

“…Interestingly, corticosteroids, the first-line and most effective treatment for asthma, induced a pronounced increase in Gal-1 expression in human nasal polyps, suggesting that glucocorticoids' action in asthmatic patients could be partially mediated through an increased synthesis of Gal-1 in the airways (120,121). In a murine model of oral allergy syndrome, administration of Gal-1 suppressed allergic reaction induced by food allergens by inhibiting IL-4 production, recruitment of mast cells and eosinophils, and synthesis of histamine (41). More recently, Gal-1 has been shown to synergize with allergen-specific immunotherapy, providing long-term benefits in animal models by targeting mast cells and facilitating Treg development (122).…”

miRNA – role and importance in food allergy

“…W badaniu na myszach z alergią pokarmową wykazano znacznie wyższy poziom miRNA-19a niż u myszy kontrolnych, natomiast poziomy pozostałych pięciu typów miRNA klastra miRNA-17-92 się nie różniły [18]. W innym badaniu na myszach z zespołem alergii ustno-jelitowej (oral-intestinal allergy syndrome -OIAS) stwierdzono, że ekspresja miRNA-98 była znacznie wyższa niż u myszy kontrolnych [19]. miRNA może więc być potencjalnym biomarkerem chorób alergicznych ze względu na specyficzną dysregulację ekspresji w stosunku do danej choroby, jak również dużą stabilność poprzez tworzenie m.in.…”

“…Inni autorzy badali wpływ galektyny 1 na hamowanie OIAS [19]. Galektyna 1 to wielofunkcyjne białko należące do rodziny lektyn [21].…”