Galaxy mass distribution from gravitational light deflection

Tyson, J. A.; Valdés, F.; Jarvis, J. F.; Mills, Annie

doi:10.1086/184285

Cited by 150 publications

(132 citation statements)

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“…The earliest astrophysically interesting upper limit was that of Tyson et al (1984), who used the images of 200,000 galaxies measured by the now-obsolete method of digitizing photographic plates to exclude extended isothermal halos with v c > 200 km s −1 around an apparent magnitude-limited sample of galaxies. Galaxy-galaxy lensing was observed at ∼ 4σ by Brainerd et al (1996), the first clear detection of cosmological weak lensing.…”

Section: Galaxy-galaxy Lensing As a Cosmological Probementioning

confidence: 99%

Observational probes of cosmic acceleration

et al. 2013

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The accelerating expansion of the universe is the most surprising cosmological discovery in many decades, implying that the universe is dominated by some form of "dark energy" with exotic physical properties, or that Einstein's theory of gravity breaks down on cosmological scales. The profound implications of cosmic acceleration have inspired ambitious efforts to understand its origin, with experiments that aim to measure the history of expansion and growth of structure with percent-level precision or higher. We review in detail the four most well established methods for making such measurements: Type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), weak gravitational lensing, and the abundance of galaxy clusters. We pay particular attention to the systematic uncertainties in these techniques and to strategies for controlling them at the level needed to exploit "Stage IV" dark energy facilities such as BigBOSS, LSST, Euclid, and WFIRST. We briefly review a number of other approaches including redshift-space distortions, the Alcock-Paczynski effect, and direct measurements of the Hubble constant H 0 . We present extensive forecasts for constraints on the dark energy equation of state and parameterized deviations from General Relativity, achievable with Stage III and Stage IV experimental programs that incorporate supernovae, BAO, weak lensing, and cosmic microwave background data. We also show the level of precision required for clusters or other methods to provide constraints competitive with those of these fiducial programs. We emphasize the value of a balanced program that employs several of the most powerful methods in combination, both to cross-check systematic uncertainties and to take advantage of complementary information. Surveys to probe cosmic acceleration produce data sets that support a wide range of scientific investigations, and they continue the longstanding astronomical tradition of mapping the universe in ever greater detail over ever larger scales.

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Section: Galaxy-galaxy Lensing As a Cosmological Probementioning

confidence: 99%

Observational probes of cosmic acceleration

et al. 2013

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“…The cross-correlation measurements were not used in the combined probes analysis and so the robustness tests were not performed on these measurements. We present these results to demonstrate that there is a clustering signal in adjacent redshift bins (2,1), (3,2), (4,3), and (5,4) and not as a robustness test; hence, we do not include a goodness-of-fit for this measurement. The amplitude of this signal is determined by the overlap in the nðzÞ between redshift bins (see Fig.…”

Section: Appendix B: Cross-correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes the weak gravitational lensing "shear" field, which is induced by the matter density field. Correlation between the galaxies and the shear field ( [3]; often referred to as "galaxy-galaxy lensing") contains one factor of the galaxy bias and two factors of the matter field. The galaxy autocorrelation contains two factors of the galaxy bias and again two factors of the matter field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark Energy Survey year 1 results: Galaxy clustering for combined probes

Elvin-Poole¹,

Crocce²,

Ross³

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. D

159

235

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We measure the clustering of DES year 1 galaxies that are intended to be combined with weak lensing samples in order to produce precise cosmological constraints from the joint analysis of large-scale structure and lensing correlations. Two-point correlation functions are measured for a sample of 6.6 × 10 5 luminous red galaxies selected using the REDMAGIC algorithm over an area of 1321 square degrees, in the redshift range 0.15 < z < 0.9, split into five tomographic redshift bins. The sample has a mean redshift uncertainty of σ z =ð1 þ zÞ ¼ 0.017. We quantify and correct spurious correlations induced by spatially variable survey properties, testing their impact on the clustering measurements and covariance. We demonstrate the sample's robustness by testing for stellar contamination, for potential biases that could arise from the systematic correction, and for the consistency between the two-point auto-and cross-correlation functions. We show that the corrections we apply have a significant impact on the resultant measurement of cosmological parameters, but that the results are robust against arbitrary choices in the correction method. We find the linear galaxy bias in each redshift bin in a fiducial cosmology to be bðσ 8 =0.81Þj z¼0.24 ¼ 1.40 AE 0.07, bðσ 8 =0.81Þj z¼0.38 ¼ 1.60 AE 0.05, bðσ 8 =0.81Þj z¼0.53 ¼ 1.60 AE 0.04 for galaxies with luminosities L=L Ã > 0.5, bðσ 8 =0.81Þj z¼0.68 ¼ 1.93 AE 0.04 for L=L Ã > 1 and bðσ 8 =0.81Þj z¼0.83 ¼ 1.98 AE 0.07 for L=L Ã > 1.5, broadly consistent with expectations for the redshift and luminosity dependence of the bias of red galaxies. We show these measurements to be consistent with the linear bias obtained from tangential shear measurements.

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“…On one hand, observations of star dynamics in galaxies and of galaxies in clasters show substantial deviation of rotation velocities from Kepler's law; this proves the existence of additional matter (dark matter) which participates in gravitational interaction [1][2][3]. On the other hand, more careful examinations of the red shift in the nearer space at the distances of 10 5 -10 7 light years as well as observation of supernova outburst [4,5] show that velocity of the Universe expansion increases with time, and this in turn requires introduction of additional dark energy with anti-gravitational properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Expression (3) shows that the flux coming from the deep Universe will be finite if at longer t decreases faster than   L t 1 . t Besides, we can divide the entire flux observed at any point of the infinite space into two parts: the flux vis J of a visible part of space 0 R cT  , Т 0 ~ 15 × 10 9 years and the relict flux rel J radiating from the spots with :…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oscillating Universe Theory (To the Unified Field Theory)

Chensky¹

2013

IJAA

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This paper represents model of oscillating universe theory. We try to realize model of both electromagnetic waves and spectrum of elementary particles from the unified point of view. Consideration of problems of the gravitational optics and dark matter is developing from the solid crystal model for the vacuum. The vacuum is represented as a three-dimensional crystal lattice matter with a very small lattice period, much less than 10 −26 cm. The oscillators are located at the nodes of an infinite lattice. It is shown that an infinite set of equations to describe the coupled oscillations of moving oscillators converges to a system of twelve equations. We have obtained the combined equations for a multicomponent order parameter in the form of the electric and magnetic vacuum polarization, which defines the spectrum and symmetry of normal oscillations in the form of elementary particles. Two order parameters-a polar vector and an axial vectorhad to be introduced as electrical and magnetic polarization, correspondingly, in order to describe dynamic properties of vacuum. Vacuum susceptibility has been determined to be equal to the fine structure constant . . The term mass of particle has been shown to have no independent meaning. Particle energy does have physical sense as wave packet energy related to vacuum excitation. Exact equation for particle movement in the gravitational field has been derived, the equation being applied to any relatively compact object: planet, satellite, electron, proton, photon and neutrino. The situation has been examined according to the cosmological principle when galaxies are distributed around an infinite space. In this case the recession of galaxies is impossible, so the red shift of far galaxies' radiation has to be interpreted as the blue time shift of atomic spectra; it follows that zero-energy, and consequently electron mass are being increased at the time. Since physical vacuum has existed eternally, vacuum parameters can be either constant, or oscillating with time. It is the time oscillation of the parameters that leads to the growth of electron mass within the last 15 billion years and that is displayed in the red shift; the proton mass being decreased that is displayed in planet radiation.

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Galaxy mass distribution from gravitational light deflection

Cited by 150 publications

References 0 publications

Observational probes of cosmic acceleration

Observational probes of cosmic acceleration

Dark Energy Survey year 1 results: Galaxy clustering for combined probes

The Oscillating Universe Theory (To the Unified Field Theory)

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