Galantamine tethered hydrogel as a novel therapeutic target for streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease in Wistar rats

Rajkumar, Manickam; Murugesan, Sakthivel; Kottaisamy, Senthilkumar; Thangaraj, Ramasundaram; Kannan, Soundarapandian

doi:10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100100

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Streptozotocin-induced AD in Wistar albino rats showed decreased GSH levels and increased MDA levels in the cortex and hippocampus regions ( Noor et al, 2022 ; Rajkumar et al, 2022 ), while AD induced by AlCl 3 and D-gal demonstrated decreased hippocampal levels and increased MDA levels ( Haider et al, 2020 ). The study revealed that the ALZ group had significantly lower serum GSH and brain GSH levels compared to the C group, while their serum MDA levels increased significantly compared to the C group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of thymol on oxidative stress and reelin signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease model

BİTMEZ,

ÇEVRELİ,

KAŞIKÇI

2024

Turkish Journal of Biology

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Background/aim The purpose of this study was to investigate how thymol affects cognitive functions and the levels of MDA, GSH, Aβ 1–42 , ApoE, reelin, and LRP8 in an AD model induced in male Wistar albino rats with the application of D-galactose (D-gal) and aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ). Materials and methods In this work, 3-month-old male Wistar albino rats were used. Group 1 served as the Control, Group 2 received 0.5 mL/day saline + 0.5 mL/day sunflower oil, Group 3 was administered 200 mg/kg/day AlCl 3 + 60 mg/kg/day D-gal, Group 4 received 30 mg/kg/day thymol, and Group 5 was administered 200 mg/kg/day AlCl 3 + 60 mg/kg/day D-gal + 30 mg/kg/day thymol. At the end of the 10-week experimental period, behavioral and memory tests were performed. GSH and MDA levels were measured in the obtained serum and brain tissue samples, while Aβ 1–42 , ApoE, reelin, and LRP8 levels were measured in brain tissue samples. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA test in Graphpad Prism V8.3 program. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant in intergroup analyses. Results When the novel object recognition test (NORT) results were evaluated, the Alzheimer + thymol (ALZ+TYM) group showed a significant increase in the recognition index (RI) and discrimination index (DI) compared to the Alzheimer (ALZ) group at the 24th hour. Thymol reduced working memory errors (WME), reference memory errors (RME), and maze completion time at 48, 72, and 96 hours when evaluated in terms of spatial memory in rats with Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, Aβ 1–42 and ApoE levels were increased in the ALZ group compared to the control (C), while reelin and LRP8 levels were decreased in the ALZ group compared to the C group. Conclusion The data we obtained suggest that thymol may play an effective role in cognitive processes against AD and have an anti-Alzheimer’s disease effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of thymol on oxidative stress and reelin signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease model

BİTMEZ,

ÇEVRELİ,

KAŞIKÇI

2024

Turkish Journal of Biology

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“…It is desirable to design hydrogels with controlled and sustained release strategies that have been implemented to prolong the release of encapsulated therapeutics from hydrogels. For example, encapsulated therapeutics may be tethered to the polymer matrix, preventing rapid diffusion until linkages are cleaved [ 22 , 23 ]. Cleaving of these tethers offers good tunability, but may alter the structure of the drug, reducing its activity [ 24 ].…”

Section: Hydrogels In Drug Delivery Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laponite-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications

2023

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Hydrogels are widely used for therapeutic delivery applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to control release kinetics by tuning swelling and mechanical properties. However, their clinical utility is hampered by unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties, including high initial burst release and difficulty in achieving prolonged release, especially for small molecules (<500 Da). The incorporation of nanomaterials within hydrogels has emerged as viable option as a method to trap therapeutics within the hydrogel and sustain release kinetics. Specifically, two-dimensional nanosilicate particles offer a plethora of beneficial characteristics, including dually charged surfaces, degradability, and enhanced mechanical properties within hydrogels. The nanosilicate–hydrogel composite system offers benefits not obtainable by just one component, highlighting the need for detail characterization of these nanocomposite hydrogels. This review focuses on Laponite, a disc-shaped nanosilicate with diameter of 30 nm and thickness of 1 nm. The benefits of using Laponite within hydrogels are explored, as well as examples of Laponite–hydrogel composites currently being investigated for their ability to prolong the release of small molecules and macromolecules such as proteins. Future work will further characterize the interplay between nanosilicates, hydrogel polymer, and encapsulated therapeutics, and how each of these components affect release kinetics and mechanical properties.

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“…An approach to improving galantamine's therapeutic effect was proposed by Rajkumar et al ( 2022) [82]. The authors created an intracerebroventricular injectable hydrogel made of methacrylate gelatin.…”

Section: Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Delivery Systems as a Strategy to Improve the Efficacy of FDA-Approved Alzheimer’s Drugs

2022

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, with a high impact worldwide, accounting for more than 46 million cases. The continuous increase of AD demands the fast development of preventive and curative therapeutic strategies that are truly effective. The drugs approved for AD treatment are classified into acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists. The therapeutic effectiveness of those drugs is hindered by their restricted access to the brain due to the blood–brain barrier, low bioavailability, and poor pharmacokinetic properties. In addition, the drugs are reported to have undesirable side effects. Several drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been widely exploited to address these issues. DDSs serve as drug carriers, combining the ability to deliver drugs locally and in a targeted manner with the ability to release them in a controlled and sustained manner. As a result, the pharmacological therapeutic effectiveness is raised, while the unwanted side effects induced by the unspecific distribution decrease. This article reviews the recently developed DDSs to increase the efficacy of Food and Drug Administration-approved AD drugs.

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Galantamine tethered hydrogel as a novel therapeutic target for streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease in Wistar rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 62 publications

Effect of thymol on oxidative stress and reelin signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease model

Effect of thymol on oxidative stress and reelin signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease model

Laponite-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications

Drug Delivery Systems as a Strategy to Improve the Efficacy of FDA-Approved Alzheimer’s Drugs

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