Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) Inhibit Vibrio cholerae Toxin Binding to Its GM1 Receptor

Sinclair, Haydn R.; Slegte, Jaap de; Gibson, Glenn R.; Rastall, Robert A.

doi:10.1021/jf8034786

Cited by 56 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…The presence of these glycans in human milk has been shown to reduce the risk of diarrhea as well as the incidence of respiratory diseases (72). Similarly, GOS has been shown to display antiadhesive properties against enteropathogenic E. coli, Salmonella, Vibrio cholera toxin binding and Chronobacter sakazakii (73)(74)(75)(76).…”

Section: Colonization Resistance To Pathogens Induced By the Colonic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal microbiology in early life: specific prebiotics can have similar functionalities as human-milk oligosaccharides

Oozeer¹,

Limpt²,

Ludwig³

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

151

131

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Human milk is generally accepted as the best nutrition for newborns and has been shown to support the optimal growth and development of infants. On the basis of scientific insights from human-milk research, a specific mixture of nondigestible oligosaccharides has been developed, with the aim to improve the intestinal microbiota in early life. The mixture has been extensively studied and has been shown to be safe and to have potential health benefits that are similar to those of human milk. The specific mixture of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides has been found to affect the development of early microbiota and to increase the Bifidobacterium amounts as observed in human-milk-fed infants. The resulting gut ecophysiology is characterized by high concentrations of lactate, a slightly acidic pH, and specific short-chain fatty acid profiles, which are high in acetate and low in butyrate and propionate. Here, we have summarized the main findings of dietary interventions with these specific oligosaccharides on the gut microbiota in early life. The gut ecophysiology in early life may have consequences for the metabolic, immunologic, and even neurologic development of the child because reports increasingly substantiate the important function of gut microbes in human health. This review highlights major findings in the field of early gut colonization and the potential impact of early nutrition in healthy growth and development.Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98(suppl):561S-71S.

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Section: Colonization Resistance To Pathogens Induced By the Colonic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal microbiology in early life: specific prebiotics can have similar functionalities as human-milk oligosaccharides

Oozeer¹,

Limpt²,

Ludwig³

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

151

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Specifically, GOS supplements have been shown to exert positive impacts on intestinal Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus populations in infants (11), to mitigate irritated bowel syndrome (12), and to reduce the severity and duration of travelers' diarrhea (13). GOS has also been shown to inhibit pathogenic Vibrio cholerae and Cronobacter sakazakii binding to cell surface receptors of epithelial cells (14,15) and prevent adhesion of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to murine enterocytes (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional and functional analysis of galactooligosaccharide uptake bylacSinLactobacillus acidophilus

Andersen

Barrangou²,

Hachem

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

103

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Probiotic microbes rely on their ability to survive in the gastrointestinal tract, adhere to mucosal surfaces, and metabolize available energy sources from dietary compounds, including prebiotics. Genome sequencing projects have proposed models for understanding prebiotic catabolism, but mechanisms remain to be elucidated for many prebiotic substrates. Although β-galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are documented prebiotic compounds, little is known about their utilization by lactobacilli. This study aimed to identify genetic loci in Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM responsible for the transport and catabolism of GOS. Whole-genome oligonucleotide microarrays were used to survey the differential global transcriptome during logarithmic growth of L. acidophilus NCFM using GOS or glucose as a sole source of carbohydrate. Within the 16.6-kbp gal-lac gene cluster, lacS, a galactoside-pentose-hexuronide permease-encoding gene, was up-regulated 5.1-fold in the presence of GOS. In addition, two β-galactosidases, LacA and LacLM, and enzymes in the Leloir pathway were also encoded by genes within this locus and up-regulated by GOS stimulation. Generation of a lacS-deficient mutant enabled phenotypic confirmation of the functional LacS permease not only for the utilization of lactose and GOS but also lactitol, suggesting a prominent role of LacS in the metabolism of a broad range of prebiotic β-galactosides, known to selectively modulate the beneficial gut microbiota.lactose permease | catabolite repression element

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“…Examples include the inhibition of Salmonella, enteropathogenic E. coli, Cronobacter sakazakii and Vibrio cholerae toxin adherence to epithelial cells and cell surface receptors [31][32][33][34]. In contrast, PDX did not inhibit lectin attachment, suggesting that it is not effective as an adherence inhibition agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of lectin adherence to tissue culture cells by prebiotic carbohydrates

Maldonado¹,

Fangman²,

Pinto³

et al. 2013

ABB

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Prebiotic carbohydrates, in addition to their ability to influence the colonic microbiota, are also able to inhibit attachment of pathogenic bacteria to epithelial cells. This effect is mediated via their structural similarity to the carbohydrate ligands, located on the mucosal cell surface to which bacterial lectins attach. However, the mechanism for this inhibition is not well understood. The goal of this research was to measure the effect of two prebiotic carbohydrates, galactooligosaccharide and polydextrose, on the binding kinetics of plant lectins, having known ligand specificity, to tissue culture cells. To measure adherence, competetion experiments were conducted with HEp-2 cells exposed to nine fluorescent-labeled lectins and either the cognate ligand or a prebiotic. Fluorescence microscopy and image analysis were used to quantify adherence. Lectins that were able to bind to target cells were significantly inhibited in the presence of the cognate ligands. When prebiotics were added, inhibittion of lectin binding was observed, depending on the structural similarity between the prebiotic and the cognate ligands. In general, PDX did not inhibit lectin attachment, whereas GOS significantly inhibited most lectins. This research suggests that receptor sites located on the surface of epithelial HEp-2 cells are structurally similar to GOS.

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Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) Inhibit Vibrio cholerae Toxin Binding to Its GM1 Receptor

Cited by 56 publications

References 40 publications

Intestinal microbiology in early life: specific prebiotics can have similar functionalities as human-milk oligosaccharides

Intestinal microbiology in early life: specific prebiotics can have similar functionalities as human-milk oligosaccharides

Transcriptional and functional analysis of galactooligosaccharide uptake bylacSinLactobacillus acidophilus

Inhibition of lectin adherence to tissue culture cells by prebiotic carbohydrates

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